Table_1_Affective and Enjoyment Responses to Sprint Interval Training in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.docx

Sprint interval training (SIT) is characterized by intensity of “all-out” effort and superior time-efficiency compared to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and has been proposed as one viable solution to address the commonly reported barrier of lack of time for physical activity. While substantial physiological benefits of participation in SIT have been well-documented, the psychological responses to SIT are less clear. No systematic review has been conducted thus far to respond to the assumption that its supramaximal intensity will induce adverse feelings. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to synthesize studies analyzing affective and enjoyment responses to SIT and to compare the responses to SIT with MICT and other high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols with lower intensities. After searching relevant databases up until 22nd March 2021, twenty-five studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the present review. Random effect meta-analysis using the pooled data demonstrated that SIT induced similar post-exercise affective valences during the training compared to MICT and HIIT, but lower affective valences immediately post-exercise compared to MICT. Moreover, affective responses during SIT decreased to negative valences according to the results from most included studies, while low-volume SIT protocols with shorter sprint duration and repetitions induced more positive affective responses. Level of enjoyment after SIT were positive and were comparable to MICT or HIIT. Overall, the results from the existing literature indicate that SIT might cause unpleasant feelings during the training and be perceived less pleasurable than MICT immediately post training but could be a comparably enjoyable modality for healthy individuals in relation to MICT or HIIT, despite its supramaximal intensity. Low-volume SIT may be a realistic option for individuals seeking a time-efficient workout with comparable affective responses to MICT or HIIT. Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO], Identifier [CRD42021284898].冲刺间歇训练（Sprint interval training, SIT）以“全力以赴”的强度为核心特征，相较传统中等强度持续训练（Moderate-intensity continuous training, MICT）具备更优异的时间效率，因此被提出作为解决运动参与中普遍存在的“缺乏时间”这一障碍的可行方案之一。尽管参与SIT所带来的显著生理获益已得到充分证实，但针对SIT的心理反应仍尚不明确。截至目前，尚无系统综述针对“其超最大强度会诱发负面情绪”这一假设开展相关研究。因此本综述的目的在于整合分析有关SIT的情感反应与愉悦度体验的相关研究，并将SIT的反应与MICT以及其他低强度高强度间歇训练（High intensity interval training, HIIT）方案进行对比。 截至2021年3月22日，我们检索了相关数据库，最终纳入25项符合纳入标准的研究。采用合并数据开展的随机效应元分析结果显示，与MICT和HIIT相比，SIT在训练期间及运动后的情感效价与之相似，但运动后即刻的情感效价低于MICT。此外，纳入的多数研究结果表明，SIT实施过程中的情感反应会降至负性效价水平；而采用更短冲刺时长与重复次数的低容量SIT方案，则可诱发更为积极的情感反应。SIT后的愉悦度整体呈正性，与MICT或HIIT相当。 综上，现有文献结果表明，尽管SIT具备超最大强度，但其在训练过程中可能引发不悦情绪，且训练结束即刻的愉悦感相较于MICT更低；但对于健康人群而言，其整体愉悦度与MICT或HIIT并无显著差异。低容量SIT或可成为追求时间高效且情感反应与MICT或HIIT相当的运动人群的现实选择。 系统综述注册平台：[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO]，注册号：[CRD42021284898]。