The Quaternary landforms of the Büyük Menderes Graben System: the southern Menderes Massif, western Anatolia, Turkey

We present the first detailed Quaternary landform map of the Büyük Menderes Graben System, located in western Turkey which is one of the most active extensional domains in the world. The main map was produced with a combination of TanDEM-X (12.5 m resolution), Red Relief Image Map, unmanned aerial vehicle, Google Earth images, and multiple fieldworks. The main map is presented at a scale of 1:160,000 although landforms were mapped at a scale of 1:15,000. The ten Quaternary landforms were defined considering their surface morphology and depositional environment. The alluvial fans, river terraces, and floodplains are the most common landforms. The spatial pattern of the alluvial fans and river terraces showed the variable rates of tectonics and surface processes along the strike of the graben system. The distribution of the meander cut-offs and paleo-shorelines imply that Büyük Menderes Graben System is vulnerable to geohazards like flash-flood sedimentation and flood events.

我们首次发布了位于土耳其西部的大迈安德地堑系（Büyük Menderes Graben System）的详细第四纪地貌图，该区域为全球活动性最强的伸展构造域之一。本主图的制作融合了TanDEM-X（12.5米分辨率）数据、红色晕渲影像图（Red Relief Image Map）、无人机（unmanned aerial vehicle）影像、谷歌地球影像（Google Earth images）以及多期野外调查成果。尽管地貌解译的工作比例尺为1:15000，但主图的最终出版比例尺为1:160000。研究基于地表形态与沉积环境，共识别出10种第四纪地貌类型，其中冲积扇、河流阶地与河漫滩为该区域最为常见的地貌类型。冲积扇与河流阶地的空间分布格局，反映了地堑系走向方向上构造活动与地表过程的速率差异。曲流截弯取直遗迹与古岸线的分布特征表明，大迈安德地堑系极易遭受山洪沉积与洪水事件等地质灾害的影响。