Conditions on pronominal marking: Video P06- hear noise

This video is part of a set of 42 video stimuli designed to study to study variation in the
patterns of pronominal marking in the non-Austronesian languages of Alor and Pantar.
All of these languages share the typologically rare trait that they mark objects or
undergoers on the verbs, rather than subjects or actors (Siewierska 2011). However,
there is considerable within-group variation as to how this is done and also what the
relevant semantic parameters are which govern the indexation patterns. For instance,
Teiwa (Klamer 2010) aligns its arguments on a nominative-accusative basis indexing
the object of many (but not all) transitive verbs. The prime factor which determines
whether a verb indexes its object is animacy (Klamer and Kratochvíl 2006, Klamer
2010). Abui (Kratochvíl 2007, 2011), on the other hand, has a semantic alignment
system, in which the undergoer is marked on the verb. In intransitive clauses, more
undergoer-like arguments are indexed, e.g., ‘He is ill’, whereas more actor-like ones
are not, e.g., ‘He runs’. Animacy plays a role in the choice of prefix for undergoers
in Abui, but is not as important and pervasive as in Teiwa.

The stimulus set was created for the project 'Alor-Pantar languages: Origins and
theoretical impact', funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
through European Science Foundation-EuroBabel.

本视频隶属于一套共42条视频刺激材料，该材料集旨在研究阿洛（Alor）与潘塔尔（Pantar）地区非南岛语系语言（non-Austronesian languages）中代词标记（pronominal marking）模式的变异情况。所有此类语言均具备类型学层面较为罕见的特征：在动词上标记宾语与受事（undergoer），而非主语与施事（actor）（Siewierska，2011）。但在该语言群内部，此类标记的实施方式以及支配照应标记模式的相关语义参数均存在显著差异。例如，特伊瓦语（Teiwa，Klamer，2010）采用主格-宾格对齐系统，对多数（而非全部）及物动词的宾语进行标记。决定动词是否标记宾语的核心因素为生命性（animacy）（Klamer与Kratochvíl，2006；Klamer，2010）。而阿布伊语（Abui，Kratochvíl，2007、2011）则采用语义对齐系统，在动词上标记受事成分。在不及物小句中，更接近受事的论元会被标记，例如“他生病了”；而更接近施事的论元则不会被标记，例如“他奔跑”。在阿布伊语中，生命性对受事成分的前缀选择存在一定影响，但其重要性与普遍性均不及特伊瓦语。
本刺激材料集为《阿洛-潘塔尔语言：起源与理论影响》项目所创制，该项目由艺术与人文研究委员会（Arts and Humanities Research Council, AHRC）通过欧洲科学基金会-欧洲巴别尔计划（European Science Foundation-EuroBabel）资助。