Characterization of gut microbiota composition in hemodialysis patients with normal weight obesity

Background: Normal weight obesity (NWO), defined by a normal body mass index (BMI) but increased body fat percentage (BF%), is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. NWO is characterized by inflammation and muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Gut microbiota has been implicated in the regulation of host metabolism and may play important roles in the development of NWO in CKD.

Methods: In this case-control study, we examined the gut microbial diversity and taxonomy in 96 hemodialysis patients with normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2 and BF% ≤25% for men or ≤35% for women, n = 32), NWO (BMI <25 kg/m2 and BF% >25% for men or >35% for women, n = 32), and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2, n = 32), matched for age, gender, and diabetes. BF% was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy device. Gut microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing.

Results: We found that α-diversity w...

背景：正常体重肥胖（Normal weight obesity, NWO）指体质量指数（body mass index, BMI）处于正常范围，但体脂百分比（body fat percentage, BF%）升高的表型，与心血管疾病及全因死亡风险升高显著相关。在慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease, CKD）患者中，正常体重肥胖以炎症反应与肌肉消耗为典型特征，但其潜在发病机制目前仍在很大程度上尚不明确。肠道菌群已被证实参与宿主代谢调控，可能在慢性肾脏病患者正常体重肥胖的发生发展过程中发挥关键作用。

方法：本项病例对照研究纳入96例血液透析患者，根据体质量指数与体脂百分比将其分为三组：正常体重组（体质量指数<25 kg/m²，男性体脂百分比≤25%、女性≤35%，n=32）、正常体重肥胖组（体质量指数<25 kg/m²，男性体脂百分比>25%、女性>35%，n=32）以及超重/肥胖组（体质量指数≥25 kg/m²，n=32），所有受试者在年龄、性别与糖尿病患病情况上进行了匹配。体脂百分比采用生物阻抗光谱检测设备进行测定，肠道菌群的多样性及分类特征通过16S rRNA测序（16S rRNA sequencing）进行分析。

结果：我们发现α多样性……