Logistic regression analysis to determine gender specific challenges and factors affecting seaweed farming along the coast of Tanzania mainland

Seaweed farming started 1989 in Zanzibar as a commercial enterprise when private entrepreneurs established experimental farms on the east coast in Paje and Jambiani villages, after significant substantial research on the possibilities of farming seaweed in 1970s. Then it was expanded to mainland Tanzania in the 1990s. Despite various interventions implemented over 30 years to improve coastal community’s livelihood through seaweed farming; the socioeconomic development of the coastal communities is not comparable to efforts invested to promote seaweed farming. Seven districts were surveyed. Data collection involved questionnaires administered to 208 random sampled farmers; and purposive sampling for focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Snowball technique was used in villages with few farmers. Findings unveiled significant challenges influences farmers’ choice to quit or continue with seaweed farming. Challenges specific to female gender e.g., lack of transportation facilities, theft, and inadequate funding were identified; and recommendations are provided for successful seaweed farming in Tanzania.早在1970年代，研究人员便针对坦桑尼亚沿海开展海藻养殖可行性的大量前期研究；1989年，私人企业家在桑给巴尔岛东海岸的帕杰（Paje）与詹比亚尼（Jambiani）村建立试验农场，海藻养殖自此以商业化模式在当地落地。1990年代，该产业进一步扩展至坦桑尼亚本土。尽管三十余年来通过海藻养殖改善沿海社区民生的各类干预措施持续推进，但沿海社区的社会经济发展水平与海藻养殖推广的投入力度仍不相匹配。本研究共对7个行政区开展调研，数据收集环节采用随机抽样法对208名养殖户进行问卷调查，针对焦点小组讨论与关键知情人访谈则采用目的抽样法；对于养殖户数量较少的村落，则辅以滚雪球抽样法。调研结果揭示了显著影响养殖户选择退出或继续从事海藻养殖的各类挑战，同时识别出针对女性养殖户的特定困境，例如交通设施匮乏、财物失窃与资金不足等，并为坦桑尼亚推动海藻养殖业的可持续发展提出了针对性建议。