Class accuracy statistics.

Shore area wetlands (lacustrine fringe) play a critical role as ecotones that support biodiversity, provide habitats for spawning and refuge, and exhibit high levels of primary productivity. They facilitate significant exchanges of materials between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. To effectively manage and preserve these important resources, it is essential to understand their distribution, size, and dynamic changes. This study aimed to create an accurate map of shoreline wetlands using multi-temporal and multi-source data, wetland indicators such as wetland hydrology (WH), hydrophytic vegetation (HV), hydric soil (HS), and radar imagery from Sentinel-1A, employing Geomatica software. Additionally, ArcGIS software was used to map the topographic position (TP), Lake Bathymetry (LB), and HS indicators for wetlands. The analytical hierarchy process and weighted overlay methods were also applied in the mapping process for integrating all the indicators to obtain the final extent of shoreline wetlands. The TP wetland indicator map covered about 55,364 ha, while HS covered around 55,151 ha within a 3 km buffer from Lake Tana. The map of WH indicator for wetlands revealed that permanently inundated areas accounted for roughly 591,312 ha, and when temporarily inundated areas were included, the total coverage increased to 607,053 ha. HV, including invasive water hyacinth, covered over 74,772 ha. Overall, shoreline wetlands were predominantly located within three kilometers of the terrestrial area from Lake Tana, totaling 26,664 ha. The overall accuracy of land use and cover classification was recorded at 79%, with a Kappa statistic of 0.70, indicating that the resulting map is of acceptable quality. The integration of multi-temporal and multi-source data, along with wetland indicators and radar imagery from Sentinel-1A using Geomatica software, has provided valuable insights into the spatial distribution of shoreline wetlands in Lake Tana. The findings from this study will serve as an important reference for future research aimed at effectively managing and conserving these vital resources.滨岸湿地（lacustrine fringe，湖岸边缘带）作为生态交错带发挥着核心作用：其支撑生物多样性，为生物产卵与栖息提供适宜生境，并具备极高的初级生产力。该类湿地可推动水生与陆生生态系统间的大规模物质交换。为有效管理与保护这类重要生态资源，明晰其分布范围、面积规模与动态变化特征至关重要。本研究旨在依托多时序、多源数据，结合湿地水文（wetland hydrology, WH）、水生植被（hydrophytic vegetation, HV）与湿生土壤（hydric soil, HS）等湿地指标，以及Sentinel-1A雷达影像，借助Geomatica软件精准绘制滨岸湿地分布图。此外，本研究借助ArcGIS软件绘制了湿地的地形位置（topographic position, TP）、湖泊水深（Lake Bathymetry, LB）以及HS指标分布图。本研究还采用层次分析法与加权叠加法整合各类指标，以确定滨岸湿地的最终分布范围。在塔纳湖周边3公里缓冲区内，TP湿地指标分布图覆盖面积约55364公顷，HS指标分布图覆盖面积约55151公顷。湿地WH指标分布图显示，永久淹没区面积约为591312公顷；若纳入临时淹没区，总覆盖面积增至607053公顷。包含入侵物种凤眼莲在内的HV覆盖面积超过74772公顷。整体而言，塔纳湖周边滨岸湿地主要分布于距湖岸3公里的陆地区域内，总面积达26664公顷。土地利用与覆被分类的总体精度为79%，Kappa统计量（Kappa statistic）为0.70，表明所生成的湿地分布图质量符合要求。本研究通过整合多时序、多源数据，结合湿地指标与Sentinel-1A雷达影像，并借助Geomatica软件开展分析，为塔纳湖滨岸湿地的空间分布特征提供了极具价值的认知。本研究结果可为未来有效管理与保护这类关键生态资源的相关研究提供重要参考。