Effets de la Modernisation de Tannerie sur l’Impact de ses Activités sur la Qualité des Eaux : cas de la Tannerie de Maradi au Niger

The modernization of the tannery of Maradi had intervened in 2009 with the introduction of the process of tanning in the chromium. We estimated the influence of this change of operating process through an evaluation of the impact characteristics evolution of the solid and liquid discharges of this tannery on water. It stands out that the modernization of the tannery activities had more or less significant effects on these environment elements. We noted a relative improvement of the quality of underground waters illustrated by the regression of the content in chloride and nitrates rates stabilization. While the content in chromium evolved in a significant way as well as the pH. However, all the four above parameters remain below WHO standards. By cons, this modernization has almost not influenced the impact on the quality of surface waters. The values of BOD and COD have continued to rise despite the installation of a treatment system. Thus this surface water, including the pond, proved to be a major public health risk for domestic and agricultural use and is also a source of air pollution.

马拉迪（Maradi）制革厂于2009年完成现代化改造，引入了铬鞣工艺。本研究通过评估该制革厂固、液排放物对水体的影响特征演变，量化分析了此次生产工艺变革带来的影响。研究结果表明，制革厂的现代化改造对上述环境要素产生了程度不一的显著影响：地下水水质得到相对改善，具体表现为氯化物含量下降、硝酸盐含量趋于稳定；而铬含量与pH值则出现了显著变化，但上述四项参数均未超出世界卫生组织（WHO）的标准。与之相反，此次现代化改造几乎未对地表水水质产生影响；尽管已配套建设了处理系统，但生化需氧量（BOD，Biochemical Oxygen Demand）与化学需氧量（COD，Chemical Oxygen Demand）仍持续升高。因此，包括厂区池塘在内的地表水，在作为生活与农业用水时存在严重的公共健康风险，同时也是大气污染的来源之一。