Breathing characteristics of individuals with dentofacial deformity

Purpose comprehend the respiratory characteristics of individuals with dentofacial deformities and verify if there are differences comparatively to individuals with dentofacial balance. Methods participated 60 individuals (18 to 40 years old), 30 with a dentofacial deformities and 30 of a control group. The assessment of the Maximum Phonation Time for the emissions /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, /z/ and the number counting was evaluated using the program Sound Forge (Sony); the vital capacity and pneumophonic coordination by the PonyFx spirometer. The results were compared by using the “t” Student test. Results the individuals with dentofacial deformities presented lower Maximum Phonation Time values than individuals with dentofacial balance in the emissions: “s” for those with skeletal Class II malocclusion and men; “z” for individuals with Class II malocclusion; number counting for men. The measures extracted by the spirometry were similar between the individuals with and without dentofacial deformities. Conclusion there were no differences regarding the vital capacity and pneumophonic coordination, but the dentofacial deformities group presented lower values of Maximum Phonation Time in the emissions that contain consonant phonemes.研究目的：本研究旨在理解牙颌面畸形（dentofacial deformities）个体的呼吸特征，并验证其与牙颌面平衡（dentofacial balance）个体是否存在差异。 研究方法：共纳入60名年龄在18至40岁之间的受试者，其中30名为牙颌面畸形患者，30名为对照组健康个体。采用索尼（Sony）旗下的Sound Forge软件，对发/ɑ/、/i/、/u/、/s/、/z/音以及数数时的最长发声时间（Maximum Phonation Time）进行评估；采用PonyFx型肺量计（spirometer）检测肺活量（vital capacity）与肺音协调能力（pneumophonic coordination）。采用学生t检验（Student's t-test）对结果进行比较分析。 研究结果：牙颌面畸形组的最长发声时间在以下场景中显著低于牙颌面平衡组：骨骼II类错颌畸形（skeletal Class II malocclusion）男性受试者发/s/音时、II类错颌畸形（Class II malocclusion）个体发/z/音时，以及男性受试者数数时。而肺量计检测得到的各项指标在牙颌面畸形组与对照组间无显著差异。 研究结论：两组受试者在肺活量与肺音协调能力方面无显著差异，但牙颌面畸形组在包含辅音音素的发音场景中，最长发声时间更低。