INFLORESCENCE PRODUCTION OF BROCCOLI CULTIVARS IN THE HOT AND HUMID CLIMATE OF CENTRAL AMAZONIA1

ABSTRACT Broccoli has great economic, social, and nutritional importance. Genetic improvements through breeding programs for this species made available cultivars with satisfactory production in hot and humid climates. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inflorescence production of broccoli cultivars (Ramoso and Cabeça groups) in the hot and humid climate of Central Amazonia. In experiment 1, Ramoso group cultivars were evaluated (Verão Ramoso Piracicaba, Ramoso Santana, Piracicaba, Piracicaba Precoce, Ramirez F1, Hanabi, Piracicaba Precoce Verão, and Hanapon ). In experiment 2, Cabeça group cultivars were evaluated (Green Storm, Strong, TPX-00925, Salinas F1, Bibou, Domador, Burney, and BRO 68 ). A randomized block experimental design was used, with eight treatments consisted of cultivars, and four replications for each experiment. Quantitative variables were evaluated, including inflorescence fresh and dry weights; and the qualitative variables evaluated showed the occurrence of undesirable characteristics in the inflorescences. Significant differences were found within the Ramoso group cultivars and within the Cabeça group cultivars evaluated. The broccoli cultivars that showed the best inflorescence production in the humid, hot climate of Central Amazonia were Verão Ramoso Piracicaba, Piracicaba Precoce Verão, Ramoso Santana, and Piracicaba Precoce of the Ramoso group; and Green Storm and Burney of the Cabeça group.摘要：青花菜（Broccoli）具有重要的经济、社会与营养价值。针对该物种开展的育种遗传改良工作，已培育出能在高温高湿环境下实现优良产量的栽培品种。本研究设置两组试验，以评估青花菜栽培品种（拉莫索（Ramoso）群与卡贝萨（Cabeça）群）在亚马孙中部高温高湿气候下的花序产量。试验1以拉莫索群栽培品种为供试材料，包括Verão Ramoso Piracicaba、Ramoso Santana、Piracicaba、Piracicaba Precoce、Ramirez F1、Hanabi、Piracicaba Precoce Verão及Hanapon；试验2则针对卡贝萨群栽培品种开展，供试材料包括Green Storm、Strong、TPX-00925、Salinas F1、Bibou、Domador、Burney及BRO 68。两组试验均采用随机区组试验设计（randomized block experimental design），以8个品种为处理组，每个处理设置4次重复。本研究调查的性状包括数量性状与质量性状：数量性状指标为花序鲜重与干重；质量性状则观测花序的不良性状发生情况。结果显示，供试的拉莫索群与卡贝萨群各栽培品种间均存在显著差异。在亚马孙中部高温高湿环境下，花序产量表现最优的青花菜品种为拉莫索群的Verão Ramoso Piracicaba、Piracicaba Precoce Verão、Ramoso Santana与Piracicaba Precoce，以及卡贝萨群的Green Storm与Burney。