Coal Mining Subsidence Area Data Set for the Kuye River Basin

The primary forms of damage in subsidence areas are mining subsidence and ground fissures, leading to a unique type of underlying surface that alters the hydrological environment and hydrogeological conditions of the watershed. This phenomenon is common in the Yellow River Basin, a major coal-producing region in China, and requires urgent scientific development and management. In this study, SAR data were collected from the Kuye River sub-basin of the Yellow River Basin, and SBAS-InSAR technology was employed for baseline resolution, data enhancement, differential interference, and phase unwrapping. This approach enabled the assessment of spatial distribution characteristics of surface deformation rates and cumulative surface subsidence in the Kuye River Basin impacted by coal mining. By comparing and analyzing the spatial distribution of surface subsidence areas with coal mining areas, the study identified and extracted coal mining subsidence zones. This provides data support for the management and development of these subsidence areas. The results indicate the formation of 914 coal mining subsidence areas in the Kuye River Basin due to coal mining, covering a total area of 345.76 km², with the largest subsidence area measuring 10.01 km².

沉降区的主要破坏形式为采煤沉陷与地面裂缝，此类破坏会形成独特的下垫面，进而改变流域的水文环境与水文地质条件。该现象广泛分布于我国重要产煤区黄河流域，亟需开展科学化治理与开发工作。本研究以黄河流域窟野河子流域为研究区域，收集合成孔径雷达（SAR）数据，采用小基线集合成孔径雷达干涉测量（SBAS-InSAR）技术完成基线解算、数据增强、差分干涉处理与相位解缠流程，借此实现了采煤影响下窟野河流域地表形变速率与地表累积沉陷量的空间分布特征评估。通过对比分析地表沉陷区与采煤活动分布区的空间分布特征，本研究识别并提取了采煤沉陷带，可为该类沉陷区的治理与开发提供数据支撑。研究结果显示，窟野河流域因采煤活动共形成914处采煤沉陷区，总面积达345.76平方千米，其中最大单处沉陷区面积为10.01平方千米。