Dataset of phytoremediation ability and growth of mycorrhizal fungi-assisted tomatoes in Pb-Cd-contaminated soil using x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, light microscopy and observation

In this research, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (“AMF”) was introduced to Early Girl tomato plants grown in soil exposed to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), common soil contaminants with detrimental developmental and neurological effects. After a two month growing period, vinegar-and-ink staining and light microscopy of roots was used to visualize structural characteristics of AMF (e.g. vesicles, hyphae, and arbuscules) and lead sequestration (e.g. complexes attached to the cell wall). Dry mass and height difference over time of individual plants was measured in order to document the effect of Pb-Cd and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on tomato growth, both paired and unpaired. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was utilized to measure concentrations (ppm) of Pb and Cd within two samples from each group’s root, stem, and flower systems in order to quantify plant bioaccumulation and subsequently analyze phytoremediation efficacy.

本研究将丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）接种于种植于受铅（lead，Pb）与镉（cadmium，Cd）污染土壤中的Early Girl番茄植株，其中铅与镉为常见土壤污染物，可对生物体产生有害的发育毒性与神经毒性效应。经过两个月的培养周期后，采用醋墨染色法结合根系光学显微镜，观察AMF的结构特征（如泡囊、菌丝、丛枝）以及铅固持情况（如附着于细胞壁的铅复合物）。为记录Pb-Cd复合污染及丛枝菌根真菌对番茄生长的影响，本研究测定了单株番茄的干重与株高随时间的变化差值，实验采用配对与非配对两种设计。此外，采集各组植株根系、茎秆及花器官的两份样品，采用X射线荧光光谱法（X-ray fluorescence spectrometry）测定其中Pb与Cd的浓度（单位：ppm），以量化植物的生物富集（bioaccumulation）量，进而分析其植物修复（phytoremediation）效能。