Harvest of Salmon across Commercial, Subsistence, Personal Use, and Sport Fish sectors, Alaska, 1995-2016

This data represents harvest of salmon in Alaska across the commercial, subsistence, personal use, and sport fish sectors. Each of these harvest sectors has a distinct permitting system governed by different departments within the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG). Commercial harvest is regulated under the Commercial Entry Fishery Commission (CFEC), and refers to the harvest of fish for the purposes of selling them to another party. Subsistence harvest is regulated under the ADFG Subsistence Division, and refers to the harvest of fish for customary and traditional use. Whether use of a stock of fish is considered a "customary and traditional" use is determined by several factors, including length and consistency of use, seasonality, methods and means of harvest, geographic areas, means of handling, preparing, preserving, and storing, intergenerational transmission of knowledge and skills, distribution and exchange, and diversity of resources in an area. Personal use harvest is also governed by the ADFG Subsistence Division. The personal use fishery was created in response to the enactment of the state's subsistence priority law, which precluded some individuals from participating in customary and traditional subsistence fisheries because the stocks they fish are not classified as customary and traditional use stocks. Because the gear associated with the personal use fishery is distinct from the gear typically associated with the sport fishery, the personal use fishery was kept distinct from the sport fishery to prevent confusion amongst the public. More information on the personal use fishery can be found in the Alaska state regulations, Chapter 77 "Personal Use Fishery, Article 1” (5 AAC 77.001). Sport fish harvest is regulated under the ADFG Division of Sport Fish, and refers to the taking of or attempting to take for personal consumption, and not for sale or barter, a fish by hook and line either held in the hand or closely attended. These data are derived from four source datasets: Subsistence and Personal Use Harvest - https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:7e4586c0-9812-4355-8f3b-1445b9a8ca53 Commercial Harvest (CFEC) - https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:40473bde-9774-4581-aafb-5d2c3b4a70d1 Commercial Harvest(ADFG Annual Management Reports) - https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:31b421f3-c48c-473a-bc20-601c738b3a3c Sportfish Harvest - https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:6a6a530f-3660-424f-adab-c771d1c89a5d) The included .Rmd file sources files from these datasets, aggregates over regions to obtain total harvest by species and region, and merges data from all of the sectors into a single file (Harvest_All_Sectors.csv). The .Rmd file also creates basic plots of harvest by sector by region.

本数据集涵盖阿拉斯加地区商业、自给、个人使用及休闲垂钓四大渔业板块的鲑鱼捕捞量数据。各捕捞板块均设有独立的许可制度，由阿拉斯加鱼类与野生动物部（Alaska Department of Fish and Game, ADFG）下辖不同部门负责监管。商业捕捞由商业准入渔业委员会（Commercial Entry Fishery Commission, CFEC）监管，指为向第三方出售而开展的鱼类捕捞活动。自给捕捞由阿拉斯加鱼类与野生动物部自给渔业处监管，指为满足习俗性与传统用途开展的鱼类捕捞。鱼类种群是否属于“习俗性与传统用途”需综合多项因素判定，包括捕捞行为的时长与持续性、季节性、捕捞方式与手段、作业地理范围、渔获处理、制备、保鲜与存储方式、捕捞知识与技能的代际传承、渔获分配与交换情况，以及区域内资源的多样性等。个人使用捕捞同样由阿拉斯加鱼类与野生动物部自给渔业处监管。个人使用渔业的设立是为响应本州自给优先法案的出台——此前部分渔民因所作业的鱼类种群未被归类为习俗性与传统用途种群，无法参与传统自给渔业。由于个人使用渔业所用渔具与休闲垂钓渔业的典型渔具存在显著差异，为避免公众混淆，二者被明确区分。关于个人使用渔业的更多信息可参见阿拉斯加州法规第77章“个人使用渔业 第1条”（5 AAC 77.001）。休闲垂钓捕捞由阿拉斯加鱼类与野生动物部休闲渔业处监管，指通过手持或贴身照料的手钩钓线捕获或试图捕获鱼类以供个人食用，而非用于售卖或易货的行为。本数据集整合自四个源数据集：
- 自给与个人使用捕捞：https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:7e4586c0-9812-4355-8f3b-1445b9a8ca53
- 商业捕捞（CFEC）：https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:40473bde-9774-4581-aafb-5d2c3b4a70d1
- 商业捕捞（阿拉斯加鱼类与野生动物部年度管理报告）：https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:31b421f3-c48c-473a-bc20-601c738b3a3c
- 休闲垂钓捕捞：https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/urn:uuid:6a6a530f-3660-424f-adab-c771d1c89a5d
所附的.Rmd脚本文件会读取上述源数据集，按区域聚合得到各物种、各区域的总捕捞量，并将四大板块的捕捞数据合并为单一文件Harvest_All_Sectors.csv。该脚本还会生成各区域、各捕捞板块的捕捞量基础可视化图表。