Eddy Covariance data from ICOS-associated station IT-NIV – Summer 2019

Data stored here refer to Eddy Covariance (EC) data measured in 2019 during the snow-free season at the Alpine CZO (Critical Zone Observatory, hereafter CZO@Nivolet) which was established at the Nivolet Plain (Piani del Nivolet) in the Gran Paradiso National Park (GPNP), located in the western Italian Alps. The EC site (IT-NIV) is an ICOS-associated station. CZO@Nivolet is aimed at investigating the cross-scale interactions between climatic shifts and ecosystem functions multiple scales, involving multidisciplinary studies. The main research questions that we aim to answer are concerning: (a) the effect of bedrock lithology, soil physics and chemisty, topographic hetereogenity, biotic components and meteo-climatic parameters in modulating CO₂ flux in alpine grassland; and (b) what are the controlling factors of organic C and weathering under geologic substrates and different topographic positions. The investigations started in 2017. In 2019, the EC tower was added to deeply study CO₂, H₂0, latent and sensible heat exchanges between soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. Carbon dioxide fluxes and environmental variables are recorded during the snow-free season to estimate carbon storage and explore CO₂ fluxes drivers in high-altitude grasslands. Further developments will regard the integration of different techniques (Eddy Covariance, Remote Sensing, Flux chambers) to improve both spatial and temporal extent of carbon fluxes estimates to finally assess grasslands' productivity.本数据集存储的为2019年无雪季期间，于意大利西阿尔卑斯山脉格兰帕拉迪索国家公园（Gran Paradiso National Park, 简称GPNP）内尼沃莱平原（Piani del Nivolet）建立的高山关键带观测站（Critical Zone Observatory，以下简称CZO@Nivolet）中获取的涡度协方差（Eddy Covariance, 简称EC）数据。该EC观测站点（编号IT-NIV）为集成碳观测系统（Integrated Carbon Observation System, 简称ICOS）关联站点。CZO@Nivolet的研究目标为探究气候变化与多尺度生态系统功能之间的跨尺度交互作用，相关研究涉及多学科交叉领域。本研究旨在解答的核心科学问题包括：(a) 基岩岩性、土壤物理与化学性质、地形异质性、生物组分以及气象气候参数，如何调控高山草地的二氧化碳（CO₂）通量；(b) 不同地质基质与地形位置下，有机碳与风化作用的主控因子为何。本研究于2017年启动，2019年增设EC通量塔，以深入探究土壤、植被与大气之间的CO₂、水汽（H₂O）、潜热与感热交换过程。研究人员于无雪季记录二氧化碳通量与环境变量，以估算高海拔草地的碳储量，并探究CO₂通量的驱动机制。后续研究将整合涡度协方差、遥感与通量箱（Flux chambers）等多种观测技术，以拓展碳通量估算的时空覆盖范围，最终实现草地生产力的精准评估。