Evaluation of foramsulfuron-sodium + thiecarbazone-methyl + cyprosulfamide for post-emergence weed control in cassava (Onstation2019_Lagon_All_Locs_WdSpecies)

Monsoon Active [foramsulfuron-sodium + thiecarbazone-methyl + cyprosulfamide ] was evaluated for post-emergence weed control cassava and cassava/maize intercrop for three years at six different sites across five States [Benue, Ogun, Osun, Oyo, and the Rivers States] in Nigeria. Monsoon was compared with Paraquat, a toxic herbicide already marked for de-registration in Nigeria. The evaluation included manual hoe weeding treatments. All post-emergence herbicides treatments in the assessment were applied under the canopy with a backpack spray fitted with a sprayhood. In 2020, a treatment where Monsoon was used under cassava canopy without a sprayhood was included in the assessment. All the trials were set up in a randomized complete block design and replicated four times. Cassava was monitored for injury. Treatment efficacy was assessed visually and from weed dry matter. Cassava and maize population at crop harvest and yield were assessed. The result showed that Monsoon was superior to Paraquat and manual hoe weeding in reducing weed pressure at most sites. Monsoon provided excellent control of major cassava weeds at all the sites. Monsoon did not affect crop stand negatively or depress cassava yield in both monocrop and intercropped plots. No crop injury was observed when Monsoon was applied under cassava canopy with or without a sprayhood at 7 to 8 weeks after planting cassava, indicating that Monsoon is suitable for post-emergence weed control in cassava and a potential replacement for Paraquat.

针对商品名为Monsoon Active的复配除草剂（有效成分为甲酰氨基磺隆钠（foramsulfuron-sodium）+甲基噻唑酰肼（thiecarbazone-methyl）+环丙磺酰胺（cyprosulfamide）），本研究在尼日利亚5个州（贝努埃州、奥贡州、奥孙州、奥约州及河流州）的6个试验点开展了为期三年的试验，评价其用于木薯单作及木薯/玉米间作田的苗后杂草防控效果。本研究将Monsoon Active与已在尼日利亚被列入拟注销登记名录的高毒除草剂百草枯（Paraquat）进行对比，同时设置了人工锄草处理组。本次评价中的所有苗后除草剂处理均采用搭载喷雾防护罩的背负式喷雾器在作物冠层下施药；2020年新增了木薯冠层下无喷雾防护罩施药的Monsoon Active处理组。所有试验均采用随机完全区组设计（randomized complete block design），设置4次重复；定期监测木薯的药害发生情况。通过目视评级及杂草干物质重量评估药剂除草效果；在作物收获期调查木薯与玉米的群体密度及籽粒产量。试验结果显示，在多数试验点中，Monsoon Active在降低杂草发生压力方面优于百草枯及人工锄草处理；该药剂在所有试验点中均可高效防控木薯主要杂草。无论是单作还是间作地块，Monsoon Active均未对作物保苗产生负面影响，亦未降低木薯产量。在木薯种植后7~8周施药时，无论是否搭载喷雾防护罩，均未观察到木薯药害，表明Monsoon Active适用于木薯苗后杂草防控，有望作为百草枯的替代药剂。