Incidence of aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk, white cheese, kashar and butter from Sakarya, Turkey

Abstract The purpose of this research is to determine the incidence and occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in 104 samples of milk, white cheese, kashar and butter in Sakarya, Turkey. Followed by immunoaffinity column (IAC) purification, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detection method was implemented to analyze the samples. Results show that 61.5% of milk, 40% of white cheese, 65.4% of kashar and 29.6% of butter contains AFM1. In 53 of samples (50.96%) are not determined AFM1. The amount of AFM1 in 51 samples (49.04%) ranges from 2.4 to 47.8 ng/L/kg. AFM1 levels do not exceed the limit set by Turkish regulations (50 ng/L/kg). However, the incidence of AFM1 contamination is a potential health risk for customers, particularly for children and infants. These results emphasize the significance of constant monitoring of AFM1 levels in milk and dairy products (MDPs) in Sakarya, Turkey.

摘要 本研究旨在探究土耳其萨卡里亚地区104份牛乳、白奶酪、卡什干酪（kashar）与黄油样品中黄曲霉毒素M1（aflatoxin M1, AFM1）的检出率与污染分布情况。经免疫亲和柱（immunoaffinity column, IAC）纯化后，采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法（high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）对样品进行分析。结果显示，61.5%的牛乳样品、40%的白奶酪样品、65.4%的卡什干酪样品及29.6%的黄油样品中检出AFM1；另有53份样品（占总样品数的50.96%）未检出该毒素。在51份阳性样品（占总样品数的49.04%）中，AFM1的含量范围为2.4~47.8 ng/L/kg。所有样品中的AFM1水平均未超出土耳其法规设定的限值（50 ng/L/kg），但AFM1污染的检出率仍对消费者，尤其是儿童与婴幼儿构成潜在健康风险。本研究结果凸显了对土耳其萨卡里亚地区牛乳及乳制品（milk and dairy products, MDPs）持续开展AFM1水平监测的重要意义。