Replication Data for: Dual Evolutionary Foundations of Political Ideology Predict Divergent Responses to COVID-19

Political conservatives’ opposition to COVID-19 restrictions is puzzling given the well-documented links between conservatism and conformity, threat sensitivity, and pathogen aversion. We propose a resolution based on the Dual Foundations Theory of ideology, which holds that ideology comprises two dimensions, one reflecting trade-offs between threat-driven conformity and individualism, and another reflecting trade-offs between empathy-driven co-operation and competition. We test predictions derived from this theory in a UK sample using individuals’ responses to COVID-19, and widely-used measures of the two dimensions – ‘right-wing authoritarianism’ (RWA) and ‘social dominance orientation’ (SDO), respectively. Consistent with our predictions, we show that RWA but not SDO increased following the pandemic, and that high-RWA conservatives do, in fact, display more concerned, conformist, pro-lockdown attitudes, while high-SDO conservatives display less empathic, cooperative attitudes and are anti-lockdowns. This helps explain paradoxical prior results and highlights how a focus on unidimensional ideology can mask divergent motives across the ideological landscape.鉴于已有大量实证研究证实保守主义与从众性、威胁敏感性及病原体厌恶感之间存在关联，政治保守派反对新冠疫情防控限制的现象令人费解。本研究基于意识形态双重基础理论提出解释框架，该理论认为意识形态包含两个维度：其一反映威胁驱动的从众性与个人主义之间的权衡，其二反映共情驱动的合作与竞争之间的权衡。本研究以英国样本为研究对象，结合个体对新冠疫情的态度反馈，以及分别用于测量两个维度的经典量表——右翼权威主义（right-wing authoritarianism, RWA）与社会支配倾向（social dominance orientation, SDO），对基于该理论提出的预测进行了检验。研究结果与预测一致：疫情后右翼权威主义得分显著上升，而社会支配倾向得分无明显变化；高右翼权威主义的保守派确实表现出更具担忧性、从众性且支持封控的态度，而高社会支配倾向的保守派则表现出更低的共情性与合作性，且反对封控措施。这一发现有助于解释此前研究中出现的矛盾结果，并凸显了仅从单维度视角研究意识形态，会掩盖意识形态谱系中不同动机的差异这一问题。