Supplementary Material for: Local Population Structure in Arabian Peninsula Revealed by Y-STR Diversity

Genetic studies have been underway on Arabian Peninsula populations because of their pivotal geographic location for population migration and times of occurrence. To assist in better understanding population dynamics in this region, evidence is presented herein on local population structure in the Arabian Peninsula, based on Y-STR characterisation in four Arabian samples and its comparison in a broad geographical scale. Our results demonstrate that geography played an important role in shaping the genetic structure of the region around the Near-East. Populations are grouped regionally but none of these groups is significantly differentiated from others and all groups merge in the Near-East, in keeping with this important migration corridor for the human species. Focusing on the Arabian Peninsula, we show that Dubai and Oman share genetic affinities with other Near-Eastern populations, while Saudi Arabia and Yemen show a relative distinctive isolated background. Those two populations may have been kept relatively separated from migration routes, maybe due to their location in a desert area.鉴于阿拉伯半岛人群在人类迁徙进程与人群起源时段中占据关键性地理区位，针对该区域人群的遗传学研究已持续开展多年。为助力学界更深入理解该区域的群体遗传动态，本文基于四份阿拉伯人群样本的Y染色体短串联重复序列（Y-STR）分型结果，呈现阿拉伯半岛本地人群结构的相关证据，并开展大范围地理尺度的对比分析。 本研究结果显示，地理因素在塑造近东周边区域的遗传结构方面发挥了重要作用。人群呈现出区域性聚类特征，但各聚类组之间均未出现显著遗传分化，且所有群组在近东区域发生融合，这与该区域作为人类重要迁徙通道的属性相符。 聚焦阿拉伯半岛区域，本研究发现迪拜与阿曼人群与其他近东人群存在遗传亲缘关系，而沙特阿拉伯与也门人群则呈现出相对独特的隔离遗传背景。这两个人群可能因地处沙漠区域，长期与主要迁徙通道相对隔绝。