Truthtelling Sri Lanka and Nepal.

Truth telling processes, initiatives to prosecute war-time perpetrators, and ex-combatant reintegration are examples of common peacebuilding practices after war. Yet, little is known of how women are affected by peacebuilding initiatives such as these, or how they perceive these initiatives for peace. For many women, peace after war does not bring peace to everyday life; research shows that domestic violence increases during and after war. In addition, some peacebuilding measures have been found to increase risk and insecurity, not least for women. To better understand the interconnections between gender and post-conflict attitudes to peacebuilding, we asked 2,041 women and men in Sri Lanka and Nepal of their views on post-war peace initiatives. In line with our expectations, we find that women are more skeptical than men towards peacebuilding measures that involve increased risk in everyday life, such as truth-telling and coexisting with former adversaries and warring groups reintegrating in local communities. There are no gender differences pertaining to peacebuilding initiatives that take place far away at the national level, for example, concerning accountability or, in the case of Nepal, the peace agreement. Our findings suggest that international peacebuilding practice is blind to the everyday insecurities of women after war. That a basic gendered lens is missing from most peacebuilding designs is both alarming and deeply troubling, but identifying this critical aspect provides the opportunity for imperative change. By shedding light on the challenges women face after war, we hope this article contributes to finding ways to mitigate unknown and unintended side-effects of peacebuilding efforts, and thereby to the development of better, evidence-based peacebuilding practice–of benefit to both men and women.战后常见的和平建设实践包括真相披露流程、起诉战时肇事者的举措，以及前战斗人员重返社会计划。然而，目前学界对女性如何受此类和平建设举措影响，以及她们如何看待这些和平举措的认知仍知之甚少。对许多女性而言，战后和平并未给日常生活带来安宁；研究表明，战争期间及战后，家庭暴力发生率均有所上升。此外，部分和平建设举措反而会加剧风险与不安全感，对女性的影响尤为显著。 为更好地厘清性别与战后和平建设态度之间的关联，我们调研了斯里兰卡与尼泊尔共2041名男女民众对战后和平举措的看法。与我们的预期一致，相较于男性，女性对那些会加剧日常生活风险的和平建设举措更为质疑，比如真相披露、与前敌对势力共处，以及允许重返地方社区的交战团体融入社会等举措。而对于在国家层面开展的和平建设举措，比如问责机制（就尼泊尔而言则是和平协定），则不存在显著的性别认知差异。 我们的研究结果表明，国际和平建设实践并未关注到战后女性面临的日常不安全感。多数和平建设方案缺乏基本的性别视角，这一现状既令人警醒，也令人深感忧虑，但明确这一关键问题为亟需的变革提供了契机。通过剖析战后女性面临的种种挑战，本文希望能为探寻缓解和平建设工作中未知且非预期的副作用之法提供助力，进而推动构建更完善、循证的和平建设实践，最终惠及全体男女民众。