Chronic effects of resistance exercise using reciprocal muscle actions on functional and proprioceptive performance of young individuals: randomized controlled trial.

Studies have suggested that benefits from resistance exercise (RE) using antagonist muscle pre-activation could be transferred to functional activities. However, chronic studies using pre-activation through reciprocal actions in neuromuscular performance and functional activities are scarce. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of 12 RE sessions using reciprocal muscle actions and a traditional mode on functional and proprioceptive performance of young individuals. Forty eight young subjects were randomized into two groups: 1) reciprocal training (RT, 3 sets; 10 repetitions; knee flexion immediately followed by knee extension), 2) traditional training (TRA, 3 sets. 10 repetitions; knee extension). Pre and post evaluations were characterized by balance tests, hop tests (HT) and "8" shape circuit (RC8). ANOVA 2X2 of mixed model was applied to analyze differences between pre and post-training conditions and between groups. For overall and anterior-posterior balance, no significant differences were found between RT and TRA (p>0.05). Similarly, no post-training differences were found. The medial lateral balance in the dominant limb showed no significant differences in post-training for both groups (p = 0.94), but the non-dominant limb showed significant differences between groups (p<0.01). In HT, significant post-training increases were found within groups (p<0.01), but no differences were found between them (p=0.90). RC8 was different between groups (p=0.03), indicating better post-training running time for TRA. Resistance exercise caused transfers to balance and functional performance, and training with reciprocal muscle actions showed better rates for HT and medial lateral knee balance

已有研究表明，采用拮抗肌预激活的抗阻训练（resistance exercise, RE）所带来的获益，可迁移至日常功能活动中。然而，针对通过交互肌动作实现预激活、应用于神经肌肉表现与功能活动的长期研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在对比12次采用交互肌动作模式与传统模式的抗阻训练疗程，对青年人群功能与本体感觉表现的影响。48名青年受试者被随机分为两组：1）交互肌训练组（reciprocal training, RT），训练方案为3组、每组10次重复，动作顺序为膝关节屈曲后即刻完成膝关节伸展；2）传统训练组（traditional training, TRA），训练方案为3组、每组10次重复，仅完成膝关节伸展。训练前后的评估指标包括平衡测试、跳跃测试（hop tests, HT）与‘8’字形环路测试（RC8）。本研究采用混合设计的2×2方差分析（ANOVA），对训练前后以及组间的差异进行统计分析。在整体平衡与前后向平衡方面，RT组与TRA组间未发现显著差异（p>0.05）；训练后两组间同样未出现显著差异。优势肢体的内外向平衡在训练后两组间均无显著差异（p=0.94），而非优势肢体的组间差异则具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。在跳跃测试中，两组训练后的表现均较训练前有显著提升（p<0.01），但两组间未观察到显著差异（p=0.90）。RC8测试的组间差异具有统计学意义（p=0.03），表明TRA组训练后的完成时长更短（表现更优）。综上，抗阻训练可使平衡与功能表现获得迁移；而采用交互肌动作的训练模式，在跳跃测试与膝关节内外向平衡方面表现出更优的提升效果。