Performance of ‘Cadenera’ orange trees grafted on five rootstocks

Abstract Citriculture is an important alternative for the agribusiness development in the state of Paraná, Brazil. However, the use of a few cultivars of scion and rootstock restricts the harvest period and increases the vulnerability to pests and diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the vegetative growth, production and fruit quality of ‘Cadenera’ orange trees (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck ) grafted on five rootstocks, during nine harvests, under a subtropical environmental condition. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replications, two plants per plot, and five rootstocks: ‘Rangpur’ lime (C. limonia Osb.), ‘Cleopatra’ (C. reshni hort. ex Tanaka ) and ‘Sunki’ mandarins (C. sunki hort. ex Tanaka (L.) Raf.), ‘Swingle’ citrumelo [C. paradisi Macfad. x Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], and ‘C-13’ citrange [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pera x P.s trifoliata (L.) Raf.]. Biometric variables, and fruit yield and quality were analyzed. The smallest canopy size was induced by ‘Rangpur’ lime and ‘C 13’ citrange rootstocks. ‘Swingle’ citrumelo and ‘C 13’ citrange provided the highest yields for the ‘Cadenera’ sweet orange trees and were superior to ‘Rangpur’ lime. Trees grafted on ‘C 13’ citrange presented the highest yield and productive efficiency.摘要 柑橘产业是巴西巴拉那州农业综合开发的重要替代路径。然而，当前仅使用少量接穗（scion）与砧木（rootstock）品种，不仅限制了采收周期，还提升了作物对病虫害的易感风险。本研究旨在评估亚热带环境下，在9次采收周期内，以5种砧木嫁接的‘Cadenera’甜橙（Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck）的营养生长、产量及果实品质。试验采用随机区组设计，设置6次重复，每小区种植2株，所用5种砧木分别为：‘Rangpur’黎檬（C. limonia Osb.）、‘Cleopatra’（C. reshni hort. ex Tanaka）与‘Sunki’柑橘（C. sunki hort. ex Tanaka (L.) Raf.）、‘Swingle’枳橙[C. paradisi Macfad. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]，以及‘C-13’枳橙[C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pera × P.s trifoliata (L.) Raf.]。本研究分析了生物量性状、果实产量与品质相关指标。结果显示，‘Rangpur’黎檬与‘C-13’枳橙砧木可诱导嫁接植株形成最小树冠。‘Swingle’枳橙与‘C-13’枳橙可使‘Cadenera’甜橙获得最高产量，且表现优于‘Rangpur’黎檬。其中，嫁接于‘C-13’枳橙的植株产量与生产效率均为最高。