Supplementary Material for: Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Its Correlation with Treatment Course: Prospective Clinical Research

Objectives: This study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) and recommend the appropriate course of treatment. Methods: 102 patients (105 diseased ears) with ISSNHL were recruited from the Department of Neurology and Otorhinolaryngology, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, between January 2018 and September 2020. Of them, 45 patients (group A) received intravenous steroid (IVS), and the remaining patients (group B) received IVS and HBO therapy (HBOT). Pure-tone audiometry (PTA) was performed twice at baseline and 10 days after treatment. Patients in group B were subdivided into group 1 (≤10 sessions) and group 2 (>11 sessions) to verify the correlation between the efficacy and course of HBOT, at the follow-up endpoint, the PTA was performed again. The multivariate logistical regression model was used to analyze the related factors of prognosis. Results: Compared with the control group, significantly larger hearing gains and better hearing recovery rate were observed in the IVS + HBOT group (p < 0.05). The time of treatment and course of HBOT were significantly correlated with the hearing threshold after treatment (p < 0.05) and had no significant relationship with tinnitus and age (p > 0.05). Conclusion: HBOT + IVS is an effective method for ISSNHL, especially for the recovery of low-frequency hearing and initial hearing levels of severe and profound. Tinnitus is the most common concomitant symptom of ISSNHL, and prolonging the course of HBOT did not significantly improve it. Initiating HBOT within 7 days for 10–25 sessions of treatment was more beneficial.

研究目的：本研究旨在探讨高压氧（hyperbaric oxygen，HBO）治疗特发性突发性感音神经性听力损失（idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss，ISSNHL）的有效性，并推荐适宜的治疗疗程。研究方法：于2018年1月至2020年9月期间，从四川大学华西第四医院神经内科与耳鼻咽喉科招募102例特发性突发性感音神经性听力损失患者（共105例患耳）。其中45例患者（A组）接受静脉糖皮质激素（intravenous steroid，IVS）治疗，剩余患者（B组）接受静脉糖皮质激素联合高压氧治疗（hyperbaric oxygen therapy，HBOT）。分别于治疗基线及治疗后10天进行两次纯音测听（pure-tone audiometry，PTA）检查。将B组患者进一步分为1组（治疗疗程≤10次）与2组（治疗疗程>11次），以验证治疗疗效与高压氧治疗疗程的相关性；于随访终点再次行纯音测听检查。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析预后相关影响因素。研究结果：与对照组相比，静脉糖皮质激素联合高压氧治疗组的听力提升幅度显著更大，听力恢复率显著更高（p<0.05）。治疗时机与高压氧治疗疗程与治疗后听阈值呈显著相关（p<0.05），而与耳鸣症状及年龄无显著关联（p>0.05）。研究结论：高压氧联合静脉糖皮质激素是治疗特发性突发性感音神经性听力损失的有效方案，尤其有助于低频听力恢复以及初始听力水平为重度与极重度患者的听力改善。耳鸣是特发性突发性感音神经性听力损失最常见的伴随症状，延长高压氧治疗疗程并未对耳鸣症状产生显著改善效果。于发病7天内启动高压氧治疗，且治疗疗程为10~25次的方案获益更为显著。