Multidrug resistant E. coli with zoonotic potentials isolated from poultry

The backyard poultry sector is a critical source of income and nutrition for rural communities in Bangladesh. However, poor biosecurity practices and regular close contact between poultry and household members in this traditional scavenging poultry farming system increase the risk of acquisition and cross-species transmission of pathogenic strains of E. coli. Furthermore, inadequate veterinary service and widespread misuse of antimicrobials increase favorable conditions for antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance. Pathogenic strains of E. coli often contain various virulence genes (e.g., stx1, stx2, eaeA, fimH, hlyF) that are responsible for causing severe infections across hosts. In addition, antimicrobial genes (blaTEM, blaCTXM, tetA, qnrS) further complicate the treatment and promote persistence and dissemination of resistant strains across diverse environments and hosts.

孟加拉国农村社区的庭院家禽养殖产业，是当地居民获取收入与营养的关键来源。然而，在该传统散养家禽养殖模式下，生物安全（biosecurity）措施不完善，加之家禽与家庭成员间频繁密切接触，提升了致病性大肠杆菌菌株的感染风险与跨物种传播概率。此外，兽医服务供给不足与抗菌药物（antimicrobials）的广泛滥用，为抗菌药物耐药性（antimicrobial resistance）与多重耐药性（multidrug resistance）的产生营造了有利条件。致病性大肠杆菌菌株通常携带多种毒力基因（如stx1、stx2、eaeA、fimH、hlyF），这些基因可介导跨宿主引发重症感染。除此之外，携带的抗菌耐药基因（如blaTEM、blaCTXM、tetA、qnrS）会进一步加剧临床治疗难度，并推动耐药菌株在多样环境与宿主间持续存续与扩散传播。