Vertical profiles of environmental parameters measured from physical, optical and imaging sensors during station TARA_200 of the Tara Oceans expedition 2009-2013

The Tara Oceans Expedition (2009-2013) sampled the world oceans on board a 36 m long schooner, collecting environmental data and organisms from viruses to planktonic metazoans for later analyses using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Tara Oceans Data are particularly suited to study the genetic, morphological and functional diversity of plankton. The present data set includes properties of seawater, particulate matter and dissolved matter from physical, optical and imaging sensors mounted on a vertical sampling system (Rosette) used during the 2009-2013 tara Oceans Expedition. It comprised 2 pairs of conductivity and temperature sensors (SEABIRD components), and a complete set of WEtLabs optical sensors, including chrorophyll and CDOM fluorometers, a 25 cm transmissiometer, and a one-wavelength backscatter meter. In addition, a SATLANTIC ISUS nitrate sensor and a Hydroptic Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP) were mounted on the rosette. In the Arctic Ocean and Arctic Seas (2013), a second oxygen sensor (SBE43) and a four frequency Aquascat acoustic profiler were added. The system was powered on specific Li-Ion batteries and data were self-recorded at 24HZ. Sensors have all been factory calibrated before, during and after the four year program. Oxygen was validated using climatologies (WOA09). Nitrate and Fluorescence data were adjusted with discrete measurements from Niskin bottles mounted on the Rosette, and optical darks were performed monthly on board. A total of 839 quality checked vertical profiles were made during the tara Oceans expedition 2009-2013.

塔拉海洋科考航次（2009-2013年）搭乘一艘长36米的纵帆船对全球海洋开展采样工作，收集环境数据以及从病毒到浮游动物后生生物的各类海洋生物样本，以供后续借助现代测序与前沿成像技术开展分析研究。塔拉海洋数据集尤其适用于研究浮游生物的遗传、形态与功能多样性。本数据集涵盖2009-2013年塔拉海洋科考航次中，搭载于垂直采样系统（Rosette采水器架）的物理、光学与成像传感器所采集的海水、颗粒物及溶解物相关参数。该系统包含2组电导率-温度传感器（SEABIRD组件），以及一套完整的WEtLabs光学传感器组，涵盖叶绿素与有色溶解有机物（CDOM）荧光计、25cm透射仪以及单波长后向散射仪。此外，Rosette采水器架上还搭载了SATLANTIC ISUS硝酸盐传感器与Hydroptic水下视觉剖面仪（UVP）。2013年在北冰洋及北极海域作业期间，额外加装了第二台氧气传感器（SBE43）与四频Aquascat声学剖面仪。该系统采用专用锂离子电池供电，数据以24赫兹的频率自主记录。在整个四年科考项目的前期、实施期间与后期，所有传感器均经过工厂校准。氧气参数采用世界海洋气候图集（WOA09）进行了有效性验证。硝酸盐与荧光数据通过搭载于Rosette采水器架的尼斯金（Niskin）采水器所获取的离散测量值进行校正，且每月在船上开展光学暗场校准。2009-2013年的塔拉海洋科考航次中共完成了839份经过质量校验的垂直剖面数据。