(A)MOTIVATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES AND SATISFACTION OF COMPETENCE, AUTONOMY AND RELATEDNESS

ABSTRACT A lack of interest in physical education classes has been observed in the final years of elementary school. Studies conducted in the last decade on motivation in the discipline report a close relationship between the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and increased participation in physical education classes. This study investigated the motivational aspects that underlie the withdrawal of ninth-grade students from physical education classes. The study adopted a sequential mixed method in which quantitative descriptive and qualitative interpretive analyses were performed. In the extensive phase, the sample was composed of 85 ninth-grade students from municipal schools in Rio de Janeiro; of these, six students were selected for the intensive phase. The Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire, adapted to Portuguese, was used for quantitative analysis and interviews were held using the dialectic hermeneutic circle technique for qualitative analysis. The results indicate a lack of ability (competence), lack of content diversification (competence/autonomy), and lack of opportunities for participation in decisions-making during development of the discipline (autonomy) as the main reasons for students’ disinterest in physical education classes at the end of elementary school.

摘要 本研究观察到小学高年级阶段学生对体育课存在兴趣缺失问题。近十年来针对体育学科学习动机开展的相关研究表明，基本心理需求的满足与学生体育课参与度提升之间存在紧密关联。本研究旨在探究导致九年级学生退出体育课的动机层面诱因。研究采用序贯混合研究设计，依次开展定量描述性分析与定性阐释性分析。在拓展性研究阶段，研究样本取自里约热内卢市立学校的85名九年级学生；其中6名学生被遴选参与深化研究阶段。定量分析采用经葡萄牙语本土化修订的《基本心理需求量表（Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire）》，定性分析则采用辩证诠释学循环技术开展访谈。研究结果显示，能力感知缺失（胜任感）、教学内容缺乏多样性（同时影响胜任感与自主性）、体育课程实施过程中缺乏学生参与决策的机会（自主性），是小学高年级学生对体育课失去兴趣的核心原因。