Data Sheet 1_Recent advances in the role of polysaccharides in liver diseases: a review.pdf

Liver diseases are a serious health problem worldwide, especially with a sustained increase in the burden of it every year. However, drugs commonly used in patients have limited efficacy and serious adverse reactions associated with long-term use. Therefore, it is urgent to find effective and safe alternatives. Polysaccharides are currently considered promising alternatives to traditional drugs because of their extensive activity and low toxicity. This review investigated the studies on hepatoprotective polysaccharides over the past 6 years, detailing their hepatoprotective effects, potential mechanisms, and drug carrier applications. These findings suggest that polysaccharides have prominent preventive and therapeutic effects on various liver diseases such as drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis B, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its mechanism includes multiple aspects such as metabolic regulation, reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and regulation of gut microbiota. Furthermore, owing to the good physicochemical properties, polysaccharides have been applied in delivery systems for chemotherapy drugs and small molecule drugs. However, further research is essential on the bioavailability, structure-activity relationship, and more clinical evidence of polysaccharides. Continued exploration of polysaccharides will provide tremendous potential for the treatment of liver diseases.肝脏疾病是全球范围内严重的公共健康问题，且每年疾病负担持续攀升。当前临床常用治疗药物疗效有限，且长期用药易引发严重不良反应。因此，亟需寻找安全有效的替代治疗方案。多糖（polysaccharides）因具备广泛的生物活性与低毒性，被视为传统肝病治疗药物的潜在替代选择。本综述梳理了近6年以来关于保肝多糖的相关研究，详细阐述了其保肝作用、潜在机制以及作为药物载体的应用场景。研究结果表明，多糖对药物性肝损伤、酒精性肝病、乙型肝炎、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、肝纤维化以及肝细胞癌等多种肝脏疾病均具有显著的预防与治疗效果。其作用机制涵盖代谢调控、减轻氧化应激与炎症反应、调节肠道菌群等多个方面。此外，得益于良好的理化性质，多糖已被应用于化疗药物与小分子药物的递送系统中。但目前仍需针对多糖的生物利用度、构效关系以及更多临床证据展开深入研究。持续对多糖展开探索，将为肝脏疾病的治疗带来巨大潜力。