Current Population Survey: Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) Supplement Survey, United States, 2017

The Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) 2017 Supplement is part of the Current Population Survey (CPS) Series. The CPS is a source of the official Government statistics on employment and unemployment. The Census Bureau conducts the ASEC (known as the Annual Demographic File prior to 2003) over a three-month period, in February, March, and April, with most of the data collected in the month of March. The ASEC uses two sets of survey questions, the basic CPS and a set of supplemental questions.
The CPS, administered monthly, is a labor force survey providing current estimates of the economic status and activities of the population of the United States. Specifically, the CPS provides estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage, and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment.
In addition to the basic CPS questions, respondents were asked questions from the ASEC, which provides supplemental data on poverty, geographic mobility/migration, and work experience. Comprehensive work experience information was given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons aged 15 and over. Additional data for persons aged 15 and older were available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and supplemental income components. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, occupation, and income. Data on employment and income refer to the previous calendar year, although demographic data refer to the time of the survey.
The occupation and industry information variables in this data collection can help the data users identify individuals who worked in arts and culture related fields. The occupations are listed in a category entitled "Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations," which includes professions such as artists, designers, actors, musicians, and writers (see Appendix B of the User Guide for further category details). Industries related to the arts and culture are in the "Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation" category (see Appendix C of the User Guide for further category details). For example, using the occupation and industry information variables from the ASEC help data users to obtain statistics about people in artists occupations that receive supplemental income, live public housing, or are full-time students.
The ASEC data provided by the Census Bureau are distributed in a hierarchical file structure, with three record types present: Household, Family, and Person. The ASEC is designed to be a multistage stratified sample of housing units, where the hierarchical file structure can be thought of as a person within a family within a household unit. Here the main unit of analysis is the household unit.

2017年度社会与经济补充调查（Annual Social and Economic Supplement, ASEC）是当前人口调查（Current Population Survey, CPS）系列的组成部分。当前人口调查是美国官方就业与失业统计数据的来源。美国人口普查局于每年2月、3月、4月的三个月周期内开展ASEC调查（2003年之前该调查被称为年度人口档案），其中绝大多数数据于3月采集完成。ASEC调查包含两套问卷：基础CPS问卷与一套补充问卷。

当前人口调查为月度实施的劳动力调查，用于估算美国人口当前的经济状况与活动情况。具体而言，CPS可提供以下统计估算值：总就业人数（含农业与非农业就业）、非农业个体经营者、家政服务人员、非农业家庭企业中的无酬协助人员、工薪雇员，以及总失业人数。

除基础CPS问卷外，受访者还需填写ASEC补充问卷，该问卷可收集关于贫困状况、地理迁移/流动以及工作经历的补充数据。针对15岁及以上人群，问卷收集了其就业状态、职业与行业的详尽工作经历信息。此外，15岁及以上人群的相关数据还包括：工作周数、每周工作时长、未全职工作的原因、总收入及补充收入构成。人口统计变量涵盖年龄、性别、种族、西班牙裔血统、婚姻状况、退伍军人身份、受教育程度、职业与收入。就业与收入数据统计的是调查前一个日历年的情况，而人口统计数据则对应调查开展时的状态。

本数据集的职业与行业信息变量，可帮助数据使用者识别从事文化艺术相关领域工作的人员。职业分类设有"Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations"类别，涵盖艺术家、设计师、演员、音乐家及作家等职业（详细分类说明请参阅用户指南附录B）。与文化艺术相关的行业则归类于"Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation"类别（详细分类说明请参阅用户指南附录C）。例如，借助ASEC的职业与行业信息变量，数据使用者可获取以下群体的统计信息：从事艺术家职业且获得补充收入、租住公共住房或为全日制学生的人群。

美国人口普查局提供的ASEC数据采用分层文件结构进行分发，共包含三类记录：住户记录、家庭记录与个人记录。ASEC采用多阶段分层住宅单元抽样设计，其分层文件结构可理解为：个人隶属于家庭，家庭隶属于住户。本数据集的主要分析单元为住户。