Comparison of physical and chemical composition of three chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) cultivars cultivated in four districts of Xinjiang region in China

Abstract This study investigated the physical and chemical composition of three jujube fruits cultivated in China. The objective was to explore the effect of jujube genotype and cultivation districts on the quality of jujube fruits. Results showed significant differences on their physical and chemical composition. The Junzao cultivar contained relatively low level on the total dietary fiber, protein, total sugar, and total titratable acids. The Huizao cultivar possessed the mediate level of the sugar-to-acid ratio and ascorbic acid. The Dazao cultivar showed high level of the total dietary fiber, protein, sugar, and total acids. The cultivation districts exerted important roles in altering the physicochemical indexes of the same jujube cultivar. The Junzao cultivar harvested in the Hami and Kashi districts showed the significant difference on the level of the sugar-to-acid ratio and ascorbic acid compared with that in the Akesu and Hetian districts. The Huizao cultivar in the Kashi area possessed higher content of the total soluble dietary fiber than that in the Akesu and Hetain districts. Principal component analysis indicated that the parameters that differentiated these jujube cultivars appeared to be the total dietary fiber, protein, total sugar, fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total titratable acids.摘要 本研究针对我国境内种植的3个枣品种果实的理化组成开展系统性探究，旨在明确枣基因型与种植产区对枣果实品质的影响。研究结果显示，不同枣品种的理化组成存在显著差异：骏枣(Junzao)的总膳食纤维、蛋白质、总糖及总可滴定酸含量相对偏低；灰枣(Huizao)的糖酸比与抗坏血酸(ascorbic acid)含量处于中等水平；大枣(Dazao)的总膳食纤维、蛋白质、总糖及总酸含量相对较高。种植产区对同一枣品种的理化指标具有显著调控作用：采收自哈密(Hami)与喀什(Kashi)产区的骏枣，其糖酸比与抗坏血酸含量与阿克苏(Akesu)、和田(Hetian)产区的骏枣存在显著差异；喀什产区的灰枣总可溶性膳食纤维含量高于阿克苏与和田产区的灰枣。主成分分析(principal component analysis)结果表明，可用于区分各枣品种的关键参数为总膳食纤维、蛋白质、总糖、果糖(fructose)、葡萄糖(glucose)、蔗糖(sucrose)及总可滴定酸。