Enhancing crop domestication through genomic selection, a case study of intermediate wheatgrass

Perennial grains could simultaneously provide food for humans and a host of ecosystem services, including reduced erosion, minimized nitrate leaching, and increased carbon capture. Yet most of the world’s food and feed is supplied by annual grains. Efforts to domesticate intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrumn intermedium, IWG) as a perennial grain crop have been ongoing since the 1980’s. Currently, there are several breeding programs within North America and Europe working toward developing IWG into a viable crop. As new breeding efforts are established to provide a widely adapted crop, questions of how genomic and phenotypic data can be used among sites and breeding programs have emerged. Utilizing five cycles of breeding data that span eight years and two breeding programs, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, and The Land Institute, Salina, KS, we developed genomic selection (GS) models to predict IWG traits. Seven traits were evaluated with free-threshing seed, seed mass, and non-sh...

多年生谷物（perennial grains）可同时为人类提供食物，并提供一系列生态系统服务，包括减少土壤侵蚀、降低硝酸盐淋失以及提升碳固存能力。然而当前全球绝大多数粮食与饲料供应仍依赖一年生谷物。自20世纪80年代起，学界便持续开展将中间偃麦草（Thinopyrumn intermedium, IWG）驯化培育为多年生谷物作物的工作。目前，北美与欧洲已有多个育种项目致力于将IWG培育为可规模化应用的作物。随着旨在培育广适配型IWG品种的新育种项目陆续启动，如何在不同试验站点与育种项目间高效利用基因组数据与表型数据的相关问题也随之产生。本研究利用涵盖8年时长、来自明尼苏达大学圣保罗分校（University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN）与陆地研究所（The Land Institute, Salina, KS）两个育种项目的5个育种周期数据集，构建了用于预测IWG性状的基因组选择（genomic selection, GS）模型。本次研究共评估了7项性状，包含自由脱粒籽粒、籽粒质量以及非脱粒（原文截断）……