Prevalence and diversity of Campylobacter jejuni isolates. Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli

Currently, there is limited knowledge about Campylobacter spp. survival in the aquatic environment. There are several studies that confirmed that water has frequently been identified as Campylobacter sources and are often associated with heavy rainfall and intrusion of contaminated waters (Bartholomew et al., 2014; Braeye et al., 2015; Gaardbo Kuhn et al., 2017; Gilpin et al., 2020; Hyllestad et al., 2020; Mouly et al., 2016). What is certain is that C. jejuni and C. coli can be found in water springs, rivers, ponds, and lakes (Nachamkin et al. 2008). Therefore, human infections might just as well be caused by accidental ingestion of untreated surface water, e.g., during swimming (Sales-Ortells et al., 2015; Schönberg-Norio et al., 2004). Hence, our focus here has been to investigate the occurrence of C. jejuni and C. coli in wastewater and surface water, then correlate our findings with environmental conditions, and eventually to determine factors that might influence Campylobacter spp. viability in water.

目前学界对弯曲杆菌属（Campylobacter spp.）在水生环境中的存活情况所知有限。已有多项研究证实，水体常被认定为弯曲杆菌的传播源，且该菌的检出往往与强降雨及受污染水体侵入相关（Bartholomew等，2014；Braeye等，2015；Gaardbo Kuhn等，2017；Gilpin等，2020；Hyllestad等，2020；Mouly等，2016）。可以确定的是，空肠弯曲杆菌（Campylobacter jejuni, C. jejuni）与结肠弯曲杆菌（Campylobacter coli, C. coli）可在泉水、河流、池塘及湖泊中检出（Nachamkin等，2008）。因此，人类感染可能源于意外摄入未处理的地表水——例如游泳时不慎摄入（Sales-Ortells等，2015；Schönberg-Norio等，2004）。有鉴于此，本研究旨在调查废水与地表水中空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌的存在情况，将研究结果与环境条件相关联，并最终明确可能影响弯曲杆菌属在水体中存活力的相关因素。