A preliminary molecular phylogeny of shield-bearer moths (Lepidoptera: Adeloidea: Heliozelidae) highlights rich undescribed diversity

Heliozelidae are a widespread, evolutionarily early diverging family of small, day-flying monotrysian moths, for which a comprehensive phylogeny is lacking. We generated the first molecular phylogeny of the family using DNA sequences of two mitochondrial genes (COI and COII) and two nuclear genes (H3 and 28S) from 130 Heliozelidae specimens, including eight of the twelve known genera: Antispila, Antispilina, Coptodisca, Heliozela, Holocacista, Hoplophanes, Pseliastis, and Tyriozela. Our results provide strong support for five major Heliozelidae clades: (i) a large widespread clade containing the leaf-mining genera Antispilina, Coptodisca and Holocacista and some species of Antispila, (ii) a clade containing most of the described Antispila, (iii) a clade containing the leaf-mining genus Heliozela and the monotypic genus Tyriozela, (iv) an Australian clade containing Pseliastis and (v) an Australian clade containing Hoplophanes. Each clade includes several new species and potentially new ...

日蛾科（Heliozelidae）是一类分布广泛、演化上早期分化的小型昼行单孔类蛾类，目前学界尚未构建其全面的系统发育框架。我们基于130份日蛾科标本的两段线粒体基因（细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（COI）与细胞色素c氧化酶亚基II（COII））以及两段核基因（组蛋白H3（H3）与28S核糖体RNA（28S））序列，构建了该科首个分子系统发育树。本次研究涵盖了已知12个属中的8个属：蚁潜蛾属（Antispila）、小蚁潜蛾属（Antispilina）、鞘潜蛾属（Coptodisca）、日蛾属（Heliozela）、全斑蛾属（Holocacista）、棘斑蛾属（Hoplophanes）、伪斑蛾属（Pseliastis）以及蒂罗蛾属（Tyriozela）。我们的研究结果为日蛾科的5个主要演化支提供了强有力的支持：（i）一个分布广泛的大类群，包含潜叶习性的小蚁潜蛾属、鞘潜蛾属与全斑蛾属，以及部分蚁潜蛾属物种；（ii）一个包含绝大多数已描述蚁潜蛾物种的演化支；（iii）一个包含潜叶习性的日蛾属与单型属蒂罗蛾属的演化支；（iv）一个涵盖伪斑蛾属的澳大利亚演化支；（v）一个包含棘斑蛾属的澳大利亚演化支。每个演化支均包含数个新物种以及潜在的新……