Field experimental data for 7 elite Australian wheat cultivars and 5 near-isogenic lines with matched phenology alleles

This dataset originates from a study evaluating genetic yield gains in wheat since the APSIM crop simulation model was initially parameterized using Hartog (Pavon 76) data. The dataset includes field experiment results comparing Hartog with elite wheat cultivars adapted to various Australian wheat belt regions, with experiments conducted in 2014 and 2015 at four locations: Gatton (QLD), Junee (NSW), Temora (NSW), and Minnipa (SA).
The dataset comprises:
1. Genotypic Information:
• Hartog (baseline cultivar) and elite high yielding cultivars identified from from National Variety Trials (NVT).
• Near-isogenic lines (NILs) in a Sunstate background, matched for key phenology loci (Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1) to facilitate comparisons.

2. Experimental Conditions:
• Rainfed (dryland) and irrigated trials (at Gatton in 2014).
• Regional variation in soil, climate, and management conditions.

3. Measured Variables:
• Yield Performance: Grain yield comparisons across cultivars and environments.
• Crop Physiology: Changes in traits influencing yield, such as biomass accumulation, harvest index, phenology, and water-use efficiency.
• Phenological Data: Flowering time and haun stage observations.
• Environmental Data: Soil moisture, rainfall, and irrigation levels.
• Retrospective Analysis (2024): Near-infrared (MIR) analysis of surviving dry matter samples for nitrogen (N), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), and carbon isotope discrimination (δ13C) as an indicator of water-use efficiency.

The dataset supports model refinement for APSIM by identifying physiological traits responsible for yield gains in modern cultivars. It was initially funded by CSIRO (2014–2015) and later revived through GRDC investment UOM2312-001RTX ( in 2024) to integrate new analyses.

本数据集源自一项评估小麦遗传产量增益的研究，该研究依托最初以Hartog（Pavon 76）品种数据完成参数化配置的APSIM作物模拟模型开展。
数据集包含对比Hartog与适配澳大利亚不同小麦种植带区域的优质高产小麦品种的田间试验结果，相关试验于2014年和2015年在4个地点实施，分别为昆士兰州加顿（Gatton）、新南威尔士州朱尼（Junee）、特莫拉（Temora）以及南澳大利亚州明尼帕（Minnipa）。

数据集涵盖以下内容：
1. 基因型信息
• 以Hartog（基准品种）及从国家品种试验（National Variety Trials, NVT）中筛选出的优质高产品种为试验材料。
• 以Sunstate为遗传背景的近等基因系（Near-isogenic Lines, NILs），该类品系在关键物候位点（Ppd-B1、Ppd-D1、Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1）上保持一致，以保障试验对比的严谨性。
2. 试验环境
• 雨养（旱地）试验与灌溉试验（2014年于加顿站点开展）。
• 不同试验区域间存在土壤、气候及栽培管理措施的差异。
3. 测定指标
• 产量表现：不同品种在各环境下的籽粒产量对比。
• 作物生理特性：影响产量的性状变化，包括生物量积累、收获指数、物候期及水分利用效率。
• 物候数据：开花时间与豪恩期（haun stage）观测记录。
• 环境数据：土壤含水量、降雨量与灌溉量。
• 2024年回溯性分析：对留存的干物质样品进行近红外（MIR）分析，以测定其中的氮（N）、水溶性碳水化合物（Water-soluble carbohydrates, WSC）及碳同位素判别值（δ¹³C，作为水分利用效率的指示指标）。

本数据集可通过明确现代高产品种产量增益相关的生理性状，为APSIM模型的优化提供支撑。该数据集最初由澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织（CSIRO）于2014—2015年资助，后于2024年通过谷物研发合作组织（Grains Research and Development Corporation, GRDC）的项目UOM2312-001RTX获得资助，以整合新增的分析内容。