A Revised Measure of Ely’s Conditions of Change: Initial Psychometric Properties of the Implementation Profile Inventory II

Perceptions of conditions that influence implementation of innovations are important measures of success and can serve as a planning guide for the instructional designer (Ely, 1990a, 1990b, 1999a, 1999b; Ensminger & Surry, 2002; Ensminger, 2005). The IPI-II is a revised scale (Ensminger & Surry, n.d.), designed to measure users’ perceptions of the importance of Ely’s (1990a) eight conditions of change. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to determine the psychometric properties and underlying factor structure of the IPI-II in a sample of 252 university faculty and staff. Results from comparing three alternative factor structure models provide evidence supporting Ensminger et al.’s (2004) hypothesized four-factor structure for the IPI-II along with evidence of excellent construct validity and internal consistency. More importantly, the results provide evidence supporting a better fitting five-factor solution for the IPI-II. Expanding the number of higher-level factors from four to five and reconceptualizing the fifth factor labeled to address the condition of Dissatisfaction with Status Quo, may improve the measurement model. Recommendations are offered to facilitate the process of developing a new set of indicator measures to achieve a stable, well-defined solution for the structure of the IPI-II.This study represents the first psychometric evaluation of the IPI-II and the first confirmatory study in the development cycle of the Implementation Profile Inventory.

对影响创新实施条件之感知的考量，是衡量成功的重要指标，亦能为教学设计师的规划提供指导方针（Ely, 1990a, 1990b, 1999a, 1999b; Ensminger & Surry, 2002; Ensminger, 2005）。IPI-II（Ensminger & Surry, n.d.）是一项修订后的量表，旨在测量用户对Ely（1990a）所提出的八个变革条件的重视程度。通过在252名大学教职员工样本中进行的验证性因素分析（CFA），确定了IPI-II的心理测量特性和潜在因素结构。比较三种替代因素结构模型的结果，为Ensminger等（2004）对IPI-II所提出的假设四因素结构提供了证据，同时亦证实了其卓越的构造效度和内部一致性。更重要的是，这些结果为IPI-II的五因素解决方案提供了支持。将高级因素的数量从四个扩展到五个，并重新构念第五个因素，该因素被标记以应对“对现状的不满”条件，可能改善测量模型。提出了建议，以促进开发一套新的指标量表，以实现IPI-II结构的一个稳定、明确解决方案。本研究代表了IPI-II的首个心理测量评估，以及实施概况调查表（Implementation Profile Inventory）开发周期中的首个验证性研究。