Data from: Genetic variation in Tertiary relics: the case of eastern-Mediterranean Abies (Pinaceae)

The eastern-Mediterranean Abies taxa, which include both widely distributed species and taxa with minuscule ranges, represent a good model to study the impacts of range size and fragmentation on the levels of genetic diversity and differentiation. To assess the patterns of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among eastern-Mediterranean Abies taxa, genetic variation was assessed by 8 nuclear microsatellite loci in 52 populations of Abies taxa with a focus on those distributed in Turkey and the Caucasus. Both at the population and the taxon level, the subspecies or regional populations of A. nordmanniana s.l. exhibited generally higher allelic richness, private allelic richness and expected heterozygosity compared to A. cilicica s.l. Results of both the STRUCTURE analysis and distance-based approaches showed a strong differentiation of the two A. cilicica subspecies from the rest as well as from each other, whereas the subspecies of A. nordmanniana were distinct but less differentiated. ABC simulations were run for a set of scenarios of phylogeny and past demographic changes. For A. ×olcayana the simulation gave a poor support for the hypothesis of being a taxon resulting from a past hybridization, the same is true for A. equi-trojani: both they represent evolutionary branches of A. bornmuelleriana.

地中海东部冷杉（Abies）类群既包含广泛分布的物种，也涵盖分布范围极小的类群，是探究分布范围大小与片段化对遗传多样性水平及遗传分化影响的理想研究模型。为解析地中海东部冷杉类群的遗传多样性模式与系统发育关系，研究以土耳其及高加索地区分布的冷杉类群为重点，利用8个核微卫星位点对52个冷杉类群种群的遗传变异进行了评估。无论是种群水平还是类群水平，高加索冷杉广义种（A. nordmanniana s.l.）的亚种或区域种群，其等位基因丰富度、私有等位基因丰富度及期望杂合度均普遍高于西里西亚冷杉广义种（A. cilicica s.l.）。STRUCTURE分析与基于遗传距离的分析方法结果均显示，两个西里西亚冷杉亚种与其余类群及彼此之间均存在显著遗传分化；而高加索冷杉的各个亚种虽界限清晰，但分化程度相对较弱。研究针对一系列系统发育与古种群动态变化场景开展了近似贝叶斯计算（ABC, Approximate Bayesian Computation）模拟。对于奥利坎冷杉（A. ×olcayana），模拟结果对其作为古代杂交起源类群的假说支持度较低；特洛伊冷杉（A. equi-trojani）的情况亦是如此：二者均为博恩穆勒冷杉（A. bornmuelleriana）的演化分支。