Annual Population Survey, 2004-2021: Secure Access

<p></p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Background</span><br>The <i>Annual Population Survey</i> (APS) is a major survey series, which aims to provide data that can produce reliable estimates at local authority level. Key topics covered in the survey include education, employment, health and ethnicity. The APS comprises key variables from the <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) (held at the UK Data Archive under GN 33246), all of its associated LFS boosts and the APS boost. Thus, the APS combines results from five different sources: the LFS (waves 1 and 5); the English <i>Local Labour Force Survey</i> (LLFS), the <i>Welsh Labour Force Survey</i> (WLFS), the <i>Scottish Labour Force Survey</i> (SLFS) and the <i>Annual Population Survey Boost Sample</i> (APS(B) - however, this ceased to exist at the end of December 2005, so APS data from January 2006 onwards will contain all the above data apart from APS(B)). Users should note that the LLFS, WLFS, SLFS and APS(B) are not held separately at the UK Data Archive. For further detailed information about methodology, users should consult the <i>Labour Force Survey User Guide</i>, selected volumes of which have been included with the APS documentation for reference purposes (see 'Documentation' table below).<br> <br> The APS aims to provide enhanced annual data for England, covering a target sample of at least 510 economically active persons for each Unitary Authority (UA)/Local Authority District (LAD) and at least 450 in each Greater London Borough. In combination with local LFS boost samples such as the WLFS and SLFS, the survey provides estimates for a range of indicators down to Local Education Authority (LEA) level across the United Kingdom.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">New reweighting policy</span><br>Following the <a href="http://doc.ukdataservice.ac.uk/doc/8343/mrdoc/pdf/biennial_lfs_aps_reweighting_policy.pdf" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">new reweighting policy</a> ONS has reviewed the latest population estimates made available during 2019 and have decided not to carry out a 2019 LFS and APS reweighting exercise. Therefore, the next reweighting exercise will take place in 2020. These will incorporate the 2019 Sub-National Population Projection data (published in May 2020) and 2019 Mid-Year Estimates (published in June 2020). It is expected that reweighted Labour Market aggregates and microdata will be published towards the end of 2020/early 2021.<br> <br> <b>Secure Access APS data</b><br> Secure Access datasets for the APS include additional variables not included in the standard End User Licence (EUL) versions (see under GN 33357). Extra variables that typically can be found in the Secure Access version but not in the EUL versions relate to:</p><ul><li>geography<br></li><li>types of benefits claimed</li><li>qualifications, education and training, including level of highest qualification, qualifications below highest level, class of first degree, single subject of degree, qualifications from Government schemes, number of O-levels/GCSEs etc passed, type of 'other qualification', type of other work-related or vocational qualifications, qualifications related to work, sources of qualifications, qualifications from school, level of Welsh baccalaureate</li><li>frequency of Welsh speaking</li><li>casual/holiday work</li><li>regular/normal work pattern</li><li>reasons not in work or for leaving work, reasons not looking for work</li><li>payment of own National Insurance and tax</li><li>smoking habits </li><li>single year of age</li><li>health issues</li><li>learning difficulty/disability</li><li>number of bedrooms</li><li>serving in armed forces</li><li>marital status</li><li>main reason for coming to the UK</li></ul><br> The EUL version contains less detailed variables. For example, the lowest geography is Government Office Region, only banded age is available, only 3-digit SOC is available for main, second and last job, and only industry division for main, second and last job.<br> <br> Prospective users of the Secure Access version of the APS will need to fulfil additional requirements, commencing with the completion of extra application forms to demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the extra, more detailed variables, in order to obtain permission to use that version. Secure Access data users must also complete face-to-face training and agree to the Secure Access User Agreement and Licence Compliance Policy (see 'Access' section below). Therefore, users are encouraged to download and inspect the EUL version of the data prior to ordering the Secure Access. Further details and links to all APS studies available from the UK Data Archive can be found via the <a href="https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200002" title="APS Key Data series">APS Key Data series</a> webpage.<br> <br> <b>Documentation and coding frames</b><br> The APS is compiled from variables present in the LFS. For variable and value labelling and coding frames that are not included either in the data or in the current APS documentation (e.g. coding frames for education, industrial and geographic variables, which are held in LFS User Guide Vol.5, Classifications), users are advised to consult the latest versions of the LFS User Guides, which are available from the ONS <a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/labour-market/labour-market-statistics/index.html" title="Labour Force Survey - User Guidance">Labour Force Survey - User Guidance</a> webpages.<br> <br> <b>Disability variables from 2013 onwards - LFS and APS</b><br> ONS have provided some information on changes since 2013 to the disability variables available on the LFS and APS. The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) disabled (current disability) category within the historic DISCURR variable no longer corresponds with the advised legal definition of 'current disability'. DISCURR should only be available on LFS microdata from Spring 1998 to January-March 2013 (JM13); beyond that point users should ignore or delete it. In addition, the same 'DDA disabled (current disability)' category within variable DISCURR13 is also not the most appropriate variable to use because a) it is not comparable to the corresponding category in variable DISCURR due to question changes, and b) it no longer measures either the DDA definition of disability or the latest Equality Act definition of disability. However, DISCURR13 is available from the April-March 2013 quarter (AJ13) onwards and was introduced to demonstrate that the variables used to compile DISCURR had also changed from that quarter. Therefore, users are advised to use the disability variable DISEA from AJ13 onwards, which reflects the Equality Act 2010 legal definition of 'disabled', measured according to the <a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/harmonisation/primary-set-of-harmonised-concepts-and-questions/long-lasting-health-conditions-and-illnesses--impairments-and-disability.pdf" title="GSS Harmonised Standard">GSS Harmonised Standard</a> on health conditions and illnesses. The harmonised disability variables DISEA and DISCURR13 should both be present on the APS person microdata from April 2013-March 2014 (A13M14) onwards. This ensures that APS users have a complete 12 months' data on which to base analysis of the variables. DISCURR should only be present on APS microdata up to and including April 2012-March 2013 (A12M13).<br> <br> <b>Variables DISEA and LNGLST</b><br> Dataset A08 (Labour market status of disabled people) which ONS suspended due to an apparent discontinuity between April to June 2017 and July to September 2017 is now available. As a result of this apparent discontinuity and the inconclusive investigations at this stage, comparisons should be made with caution between April to June 2017 and subsequent time periods. However users should note that the estimates are not seasonally adjusted, so some of the change between quarters could be due to seasonality. Further recommendations on historical comparisons of the estimates will be given in November 2018 when ONS are due to publish estimates for July to September 2018. <br> <br> An article explaining the quality assurance investigations that have been conducted so far is available on the <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/analysisofthediscontinuityinthelabourforcesurveydisabilitydataapriltojune2017tojulytoseptember2017" target="_blank">ONS Methodology</a> webpage. For any queries about Dataset A08 please email [e-mail].<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">Latest edition information:</span><br>For the twentieth edition (September 2021), five annual data files covering the period April 2019 to December 2020 have been updated with a 2020 weighting variable. The 3-year data file for January 2017 to December 2019 has been updated.  A new annual data file for April 2020 to March 2021 including a 2020 weighting variable and coronavirus variables has been added.  Twelve data files including sexual identity variables (SIDV, SIDPROXY and SIDWT18) and covering the period January 2011 to December 2019 have been added.  The documentation has also been updated.<br>

<p></p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">背景</span><br>
《年度人口调查》（Annual Population Survey, APS）是一项核心调查系列，旨在生成可用于地方当局层级的可靠估算数据。该调查涵盖教育、就业、健康与族裔等核心议题。APS整合了来自《劳动力调查》（Labour Force Survey, LFS，由英国数据档案馆以GN 33246编号归档）的核心变量、其所有配套的LFS增补样本，以及APS自身的增补样本。因此，APS整合了5类不同来源的数据：LFS（第1、5轮）；英格兰地方劳动力调查（Local Labour Force Survey, LLFS）、威尔士劳动力调查（Welsh Labour Force Survey, WLFS）、苏格兰劳动力调查（Scottish Labour Force Survey, SLFS），以及《年度人口调查增补样本》（Annual Population Survey Boost Sample, APS(B)）。不过该增补样本已于2005年12月终止，因此2006年1月及之后的APS数据将不再包含APS(B)。用户需注意，LLFS、WLFS、SLFS与APS(B)并未在英国数据档案馆单独归档。如需获取详细的方法论信息，请参考《劳动力调查用户指南》，该指南的部分选卷已随APS文档一同提供以供参考（详见下文“文档”表格）。<br>
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APS旨在为英格兰提供优化后的年度数据，目标为每个单一管理区（Unitary Authority, UA）/地方当局辖区（Local Authority District, LAD）至少覆盖510名经济活跃人口，每个大伦敦自治市至少覆盖450名经济活跃人口。结合威尔士劳动力调查、苏格兰劳动力调查等地方LFS增补样本，该调查可生成全英范围内可下探至地方教育当局（Local Education Authority, LEA）层级的多项指标估算值。<br>
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<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">新的重新加权政策</span><br>
根据<a href="http://doc.ukdataservice.ac.uk/doc/8343/mrdoc/pdf/biennial_lfs_aps_reweighting_policy.pdf" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">新的重新加权政策</a>，英国国家统计局（Office for National Statistics, ONS）已审阅2019年期间发布的最新人口估算数据，并决定不开展2019年度LFS与APS的重新加权工作。因此，下一次重新加权工作将于2020年启动，将纳入2019年次国家级人口预测数据（2020年5月发布）与2019年中期人口估算数据（2020年6月发布）。预计重新加权后的劳动力市场汇总数据与微观数据将于2020年末/2021年初发布。<br>
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<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Secure Access APS data</span><br>
APS的安全访问数据集包含标准最终用户许可协议（End User Licence, EUL）版本中未收录的额外变量（详见GN 33357）。安全访问版通常包含但EUL版未收录的额外变量涉及：
<ul>
<li>地理信息<br></li>
<li>申领福利类型</li>
<li>学历、教育与培训情况，包括最高学历等级、低于最高等级的学历、学士学位类别、主修单一学科、政府资助项目获得的学历、通过的O-水准/普通中等教育证书（GCSE）数量、“其他学历”类型、其他职业或职业资格类型、与工作相关的学历、学历来源、学校教育背景、威尔士学士学位等级</li>
<li>威尔士语使用频率</li>
<li>临时/假期工作</li>
<li>常规/标准工作模式</li>
<li>未就业或离职原因、未求职原因</li>
<li>自行缴纳国民保险与税款情况</li>
<li>吸烟习惯</li>
<li>单一年龄</li>
<li>健康问题</li>
<li>学习障碍/残疾</li>
<li>卧室数量</li>
<li>服役情况</li>
<li>婚姻状况</li>
<li>赴英主要原因</li>
</ul>
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EUL版本的变量细节程度较低，例如其最低地理层级为政府办公区，仅提供分档年龄数据，主要、第二及最后一份工作仅提供3位数标准职业分类（SOC）代码，且仅提供主要、第二及最后一份工作的行业大类数据。<br>
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有意向使用APS安全访问版的用户需满足额外要求，首先需完成额外的申请表单，向数据所有者充分说明其需要访问这些更详细的额外变量的原因，以获得使用该版本的许可。安全访问版数据用户还需完成面对面培训，并签署《安全访问用户协议与许可合规政策》（详见下文“访问”章节）。因此，我们建议用户在订购安全访问版数据前，先下载并查看EUL版本的数据。如需获取英国数据档案馆提供的所有APS研究的详细信息与链接，请访问<a href="https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200002" title="APS Key Data series">APS核心数据系列</a>网页。<br>
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<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Documentation and coding frames</span><br>
APS的数据源自LFS中的变量。对于未包含在数据或当前APS文档中的变量、数值标签与编码框架（例如教育、行业与地理变量的编码框架，收录于《LFS用户指南》第5卷《分类》），建议用户查阅最新版的LFS用户指南，可从英国国家统计局的<a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/labour-market/labour-market-statistics/index.html" title="Labour Force Survey - User Guidance">劳动力调查用户指南</a>网页获取。<br>
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<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Disability variables from 2013 onwards - LFS and APS</span><br>
英国国家统计局已就2013年起LFS与APS中残疾变量的变更提供了相关说明。历史变量DISCURR中的“《残疾歧视法》（Disability Discrimination Act, DDA）规定的残疾（当前残疾）”类别，已不再符合官方推荐的“当前残疾”法律定义。DISCURR仅可在1998年春季至2013年1-3月（JM13）的LFS微观数据中使用，在此之后的版本中，用户应忽略或删除该变量。此外，变量DISCURR13中的同一“《残疾歧视法》规定的残疾（当前残疾）”类别也并非最合适的使用变量，原因在于：一是由于问卷问题变更，该类别与DISCURR中的对应类别不再具有可比性；二是该变量已不再符合《残疾歧视法》或最新《平等法》规定的残疾定义。不过，DISCURR13自2013年4-3月季度（AJ13）起可用，其引入旨在说明自该季度起，用于编制DISCURR的变量已发生变更。因此，建议用户自AJ13季度起使用残疾变量DISEA，该变量符合2010年《平等法》规定的“残疾”法律定义，依据<a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/harmonisation/primary-set-of-harmonised-concepts-and-questions/long-lasting-health-conditions-and-illnesses--impairments-and-disability.pdf" title="GSS Harmonised Standard">政府统计系统（GSS）协调标准》中关于健康状况与疾病的相关内容进行测量。自2013年4月-2014年3月（A13M14）起，协调后的残疾变量DISEA与DISCURR13均将收录于APS个人微观数据中，以确保APS用户可获得完整的12个月数据用于变量分析。DISCURR仅可在2012年4月-2013年3月（A12M13）及之前的APS微观数据中收录。<br>
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<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Variables DISEA and LNGLST</span><br>
英国国家统计局因2017年4-6月与2017年7-9月之间存在明显数据不连续性而暂停的A08数据集（残疾人群劳动力市场状况）现已恢复可用。鉴于该不连续性及当前调查结果尚未明确，在比较2017年4-6月与后续时间段的数据时需谨慎。此外，用户需注意，这些估算值未经过季节调整，因此季度间的部分变化可能源于季节性因素。英国国家统计局将于2018年11月发布2018年7-9月的估算数据时，就该数据集的历史比较提供进一步建议。<br>
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一篇解释目前已开展的质量保证调查的文章可在<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/analysisofthediscontinuityinthelabourforcesurveydisabilitydataapriltojune2017tojulytoseptember2017" target="_blank">ONS方法论</a>网页查阅。如对A08数据集有任何疑问，请发送邮件至[e-mail]。<br>
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<p><span style="font-style: italic;">Latest edition information:</span><br>
第二十版（2021年9月）更新了覆盖2019年4月至2020年12月期间的5份年度数据文件，新增了2020年加权变量。更新了覆盖2017年1月至2019年12月的3年期数据文件。新增了覆盖2020年4月至2021年3月的全新年度数据文件，该文件包含2020年加权变量与新冠病毒相关变量。新增了12份数据文件，覆盖2011年1月至2019年12月期间，包含性身份变量（SIDV、SIDPROXY与SIDWT18）。同时更新了相关文档。