Table_1_Nitric Oxide Production in Professional Skiers During Physical Activity at Maximum Load.XLSX

The purpose of this study is to assess the production of nitric oxide in professional cross-country skiers with normotensive and hypertensive responses to physical activity at maximum load. The observation group included professional cross-country skiers (22.2 ± 7.1 years, = 107) who were current members of the national team of the Komi Republic. All the examined athletes performed the exercise test on a cycle ergometer “until exhaustion.” The following parameters were determined for each participant while they were sitting at rest, while at their anaerobic threshold level, during peak load, and during the recovery period (5th min): systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the level of stable nitric oxide metabolites (nitrites, nitrates) in capillary blood samples. According to the blood pressure results, the cross-country skiers were divided into two groups. Group I included athletes with a normotensive response to stress. Group II was composed of individuals with a hypertensive response to stress. During the performance of the test “until exhaustion,” a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the amount of stable metabolites of nitric oxide was observed in the group of athletes with a normotensive response to the load compared with the group with a hypertensive response to the load. In athletes with a normotensive reaction to the load during exercise at maximum load and in the early recovery period, nitrate was prioritized in the regulation of vascular tone. The exercise test on a cycle ergometer “until exhaustion,” combined with the assessment of the levels of stable nitric oxide metabolites in plasma, can be considered a test for the early diagnosis of endothelial dysfunction in professional athletes.本研究旨在评估最大负荷运动下，呈现血压正常与高血压应激反应的职业越野滑雪运动员体内一氧化氮（nitric oxide）的生成水平。观察组纳入科米共和国国家队现役职业越野滑雪运动员共107名，年龄为22.2±7.1岁。所有受试运动员均在自行车测力计（cycle ergometer）上完成「力竭性」运动测试。本研究于以下四个阶段对每名受试者的相关指标进行测定：静息坐姿状态、无氧阈值（anaerobic threshold）水平、峰值负荷阶段以及恢复阶段（第5分钟），具体指标包括收缩压（systolic blood pressure）、舒张压（diastolic blood pressure）、心率（heart rate），以及毛细血管血样中稳定型一氧化氮代谢产物（亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐）水平。根据血压检测结果，将受试越野滑雪运动员分为两组：I组为运动应激时呈现血压正常反应的运动员，II组为运动应激时呈现高血压反应的运动员。在「力竭性」运动过程中，与高血压应激反应组相比，血压正常应激反应组运动员体内一氧化氮稳定代谢产物水平显著升高（p<0.05）。在最大负荷运动及早期恢复阶段，血压正常应激反应者的血管张力调控以硝酸盐代谢通路为主。将自行车测力计力竭性运动测试与血浆稳定型一氧化氮代谢产物水平评估相结合，可作为职业运动员内皮功能障碍（endothelial dysfunction）的早期诊断手段。