Serum microRNA Profiling at an Early and Late Stages of Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Rats

This study investigates alterations in serum microRNA (miRNA) expression during the early (10-day) and late (terminal) stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in a rotenone-induced rat model. Rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, was administered to induce PD-like pathology by impairing ATP production. Blood serum samples were collected from control, early-stage PD (EPD), and late-stage PD (LPD) groups following treatment. Serum was processed for small RNA extraction and subjected to high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina platform with a single-end read length of 50 bp. Differential miRNA expression across stages was profiled to identify potential circulating biomarkers and gain insight into disease progression.