Shoot growth, tuber yield and quality of two potato cultivars as affected by prohexadione-calcium application

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of the rates and timings of prohexadione-calcium (prohexadione-Ca) application on shoot growth, tuber yield, and quality of two potato cultivars (Agata and Mondial). An experiment with each cultivar was carried out in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of a control and single or sequential foliar applications of prohexadione-Ca at the rate of 50 or 100 g ha-1 (50 g ha-1 applied once, 50 g ha-1 applied twice, 50 g ha-1 applied three times, 100 g ha-1 applied once, 100 g ha-1 applied twice, and 100 g ha-1 applied three times). Prohexadione-Ca application changed the distribution pattern of tuber size in both cultivars. A rate of 100 g ha-1 prohexadione-Ca was applied three times between the stages of tuber initiation and tuber bulking, making the haulm length of the plants short for a long time. Prohexadione-Ca application did not alter the tuber yield and quality of the cultivar Agata, but 50 g ha-1 applied three times or 100 g ha-1 applied twice increased tuber yield in the cultivar Mondial. Only in the cultivar Mondial, 50 g ha-1 prohexadione-Ca applied three times increase tuber dry matter, starch, and protein contents.

摘要：本研究评估了调环酸钙（prohexadione-calcium）的施用剂量与施药时期对两个马铃薯品种（Agata与Mondial）的枝条生长、块茎产量及品质的影响。针对每个品种，本研究于温室中采用随机区组设计开展试验，设置4次重复。试验处理包括对照组，以及单次或分次叶面喷施调环酸钙（prohexadione-Ca），施用量为50 g ha⁻¹或100 g ha⁻¹，具体处理方案为：50 g ha⁻¹单次喷施、50 g ha⁻¹两次喷施、50 g ha⁻¹三次喷施、100 g ha⁻¹单次喷施、100 g ha⁻¹两次喷施、100 g ha⁻¹三次喷施。调环酸钙喷施改变了两个品种的块茎大小分布模式。在块茎起始期至块茎膨大期之间三次喷施100 g ha⁻¹的调环酸钙，可使植株茎秆长度长期维持在较矮水平。调环酸钙喷施未改变品种Agata的块茎产量与品质，但50 g ha⁻¹三次喷施或100 g ha⁻¹两次喷施可提升品种Mondial的块茎产量。仅在品种Mondial中，50 g ha⁻¹三次喷施可提升块茎干物质、淀粉及蛋白质含量。