Revealing the most luminous dusty star forming galaxies

The South Pole Telescope has surveyed 1000 square degrees at millimeter wavelengths down to milliJansky levels with the aim of constraining cosmological parameters. One of the most interesting and unanticipated results of this survey was the discovery of a population of high redshift strongly lensed submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). The magnification of these objects and the longwavelength selection makes these source the best window we have to directly investigate massive galaxy formation in the early universe. Here we propose to observe a fluxlimited sample of 65 of these sources with PACS and SPIRE for a total of 25.6 hours. These observations will span the peak of the SEDs at all redshifts, determine the redshift distribution and temperatures for these sources, and enable detailed study of molecular and fine structure lines of highredshift galaxies. These observations are the best method for constraining the properties of the highest redshift SMGs, and we expect to find a minimum of 3 sources at z>5. As these sources are in the southern hemisphere they are ideal targets for ALMA early science observations and will provide an invaluable sample of sources for the community. truncated!, Please see actual data for full text [truncated!, Please see actual data for full text]