Temperature-driven homogenization of an ant community over 60 years in a montane ecosystem

Identifying the mechanisms underlying the changes in the distribution of species is critical to accurately predict how species have and will respond to climate change. Here, we take advantage of a late-1950s study on ant assemblages in a canyon near Boulder, Colorado, USA to understand how and why species distributions have changed over a 60-year period. Community composition changed over 60 years with increasing compositional similarity among ant assemblages. Community composition differed significantly between the time periods, with aspect and tree cover influencing composition. Species that foraged in broader temperature ranges became more widespread over the 60-yr period. Our work highlights that shifts in community composition and biotic homogenization can occur even in undisturbed areas without strong habitat degradation. We also show the power of pairing historical and contemporary data and encourage more mechanistic studies to predict species changes under climate change., , , # Temperature-driven homogenization of an ant community over 60 years in a montane ecosystem

## Description of the data and file structure

**GC Soil Data:** This dataset is the combined soil data. This includes Browne and Gregg’s (1969) soil moisture data and the contemporary soil moisture data. Column A is the \"Collection Date\" (written as mm/dd/yyyy) that soil samples were taken from the field. Column B is \"Timeframe.\" This indicates whether the data is from the historical study or the contemporary study. Column C is the \"Collection Time.\" Time was recorded for the contemporary samples, but was not documented historically. Column D is \"Transect\" which references whether the collection was made from transect 1 (T1) or transect 2 (T2). Transects used were taken from Browne and Gregg (1969). Column E is \"Aspect\" which corresponds to whether the sample was taken from the north-facing slope, south-facing slope, or the canyon bottom. Column F is \"Point\". Each transect had 3 points, one ...

# 山地生态系统中60年间蚂蚁群落受温度驱动的均质化过程

明确物种分布变化背后的作用机制，对于精准预测物种当前及未来对气候变化的响应至关重要。本研究借助1950年代末针对美国科罗拉多州博尔德附近峡谷内蚂蚁群落（ant assemblages）开展的调查，解析60年间物种分布的变化模式与驱动机制。

60年间，蚂蚁群落的组成发生了显著变化，群落间的组成相似度逐步提升。不同时期的群落组成存在显著差异，坡向与树木覆盖度是影响群落组成的关键因素。在更广温度范围内觅食的物种，在这60年间的分布范围显著扩张。

本研究证实，即使在未受强烈生境破坏的原生区域，群落组成转变与生物均质化（biotic homogenization）现象仍可能发生。同时，本研究验证了整合历史与当代数据的研究价值，并呼吁开展更多机制性研究以预测气候变化下的物种变化。

## 数据与文件结构说明

**GC土壤数据集（GC Soil Data）：** 本数据集为整合后的土壤数据，涵盖Browne与Gregg（1969）的土壤湿度数据及当代土壤湿度数据。列A为"采样日期（Collection Date）"，格式为mm/dd/yyyy，对应野外采集土壤样本的日期。列B为"时间阶段（Timeframe）"，用于标注数据源自历史调查还是当代调查。列C为"采样时间（Collection Time）"，当代样本记录了采样时间，但历史调查未留存该信息。列D为"样带（Transect）"，用于说明样本采集自样带1（T1）还是样带2（T2），所用样带源自Browne和Gregg（1969）的研究。列E为"坡向（Aspect）"，对应样本采集自北坡、南坡还是峡谷底部。列F为"测点（Point）"，每条样带设有3个测点，其中……