Data Sheet 1_Exploring the mental health education policies of Chinese college students: based on policy text analysis and PMC-Index model.docx

IntroductionCollege students’ mental health education is crucial for holistic individual development and societal quality. It shapes well-rounded personalities, fosters innovation, and cultivates responsible citizens, contributing to social stability and national development. Our research aims to establish an evaluation system for college student mental health education policies based on the Policy Modeling Consistency Index (PMC-Index) model and text mining techniques, quantitatively assessing 15 representative policies.
MethodThis paper first retrieves policy documents through specialized policy databases and government websites, excluding policies that have already expired or become invalid. The sample selections of this research range from 2001 to 2024, including national guidelines and specific actions. Referring to the above steps of policy effectiveness evaluation, our research comprehensively analyses the implementation effectiveness of the foregoing policies regarding mental health curricula, service systems, crisis intervention, and family cooperation. In the following, based on 10 major variables, 38 sub-variables are constructed with a binary coding system to quantify the content of policy for objectivity. Then, the ROSTCM 6.0 software is used for text segmentation and word frequency statistics, meanwhile, keywords and semantic networks of core policies will be considered for analysis. Subsequently, the PMC-Index is computed based on the multi-input–output matrix and a diagram of the PMC-Surface is drawn with the help of MATLAB to express policy consistency and deficiencies in different dimensions intuitively.
ResultsAmong the 15 policies, 11 exhibit Great Consistency (GC), and 4 fall under Acceptable Consistency (AC). Higher scores are found in Policy Function (X6), Policy Evaluation (X8), and Policy Goals (X9), indicating practical implementation and clear guidance. However, lower scores in Policy Nature (X1), Policy Timeliness (X2), Policy Issuing Agency (X3), and Policy Object (X4) reveal deficiencies in policy innovation, long-term planning, and target group coverage. Particularly, short-term policies lack sustainability, limiting their long-term effectiveness in supporting students’ mental health. Through PMC-Surface analysis, it is found that lower scores in timeliness and adaptability to target groups are primary factors contributing to surface depressions in the diagram, suggesting that these policies struggle to meet the diverse needs of different types of higher education institutions. The research also highlights significant areas for improvement in resource allocation, support system construction, and personalized mental health services. Some policies fail to address regional disparities, with weaker implementation in underdeveloped areas and insufficient safeguard mechanisms.
DiscussionIn the future, long-term planning for policy optimization is expected, in which priority would be given to localized resource allocation and close collaboration among schools, families, and society to ensure the comprehensiveness and sustainability of mental health education services. The research has identified certain strengths and weaknesses in the policies concerning mental health education for college students in China, thus providing theoretical references and specific recommendations that can be effectively implemented in higher education institutions.

一、引言
大学生心理健康教育对于个体全面发展与社会素养提升至关重要。它塑造健全人格、激发创新思维、培育责任公民，助力社会稳定与国家发展。本研究旨在基于政策建模一致性指数（Policy Modeling Consistency Index，PMC-Index）模型与文本挖掘技术，构建大学生心理健康教育政策评估体系，并对15项代表性政策开展量化评估。
二、研究方法
本文首先通过专业政策数据库与政府门户网站检索政策文件，剔除已失效或废止的政策。本研究的样本时间跨度为2001年至2024年，涵盖国家层面指导文件与具体实施举措。参照政策效能评估的通用流程，本研究围绕心理健康课程、服务体系、危机干预以及家校合作四个维度，全面分析前述政策的实施效能。随后，基于10项一级变量构建38项二级变量，并采用二元编码体系对政策内容进行量化，以保障评估的客观性。继而，使用ROSTCM 6.0软件完成文本分词与词频统计，同时结合核心政策的关键词与语义网络开展分析。后续基于多输入-输出矩阵计算PMC-Index，并借助MATLAB绘制PMC曲面图，以直观呈现不同维度下的政策一致性水平与现存不足。
三、研究结果
在15项政策中，11项表现为高度一致性（Great Consistency，GC），4项属于可接受一致性（Acceptable Consistency，AC）。其中，政策功能（X6）、政策评估（X8）与政策目标（X9）得分较高，表明政策具备较强的实践落地性与清晰的指导方向。然而，政策性质（X1）、政策时效性（X2）、政策发布主体（X3）与政策对象（X4）得分偏低，暴露出政策创新不足、长期规划缺失以及目标群体覆盖不全等问题。尤为突出的是，短期政策缺乏可持续性，限制了其在支撑学生心理健康方面的长期效能。通过PMC曲面分析发现，政策在时效性与目标群体适配性层面的低分是导致曲面出现凹陷的主要因素，这意味着此类政策难以满足不同类型高等院校的多样化需求。研究同时指出，在资源配置、支持体系建设以及个性化心理健康服务领域仍存在显著改进空间。部分政策未兼顾区域差异，欠发达地区的政策落实效果偏弱，且保障机制不足。
四、讨论
未来应推进政策优化的长期规划，优先保障本地化资源配置，并深化校、家、社三方协同合作，以确保心理健康教育服务的全面性与可持续性。本研究明确了我国大学生心理健康教育政策的优势与短板，可为高等院校开展相关工作提供理论参考与可落地的具体建议。