An Updated Global Grid Point Surface Air Temperature Anomaly Data Set: 1851-1990 (revised 1991) (NDP-020)

This NDP presents land-based monthly surface-air-temperature anomalies (departures from a 1951-1970 reference period mean) on a 5° latitude by 10° longitude global grid. Monthly surface-air-temperature anomalies (departures from a 1957-1975 reference period mean) for the Antarctic (grid points from 65°S to 85°S) are presented in a similar way as a separate data set. The data were derived primarily from the World Weather Records and from the archives of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office. This long-term record of temperature anomalies may be used in studies addressing possible greenhouse-gas-induced climate changes. To date, the data have been employed in producing regional, hemispheric, and global time series for determining whether recent (i.e., post-1900) warming trends have taken place. The present updated version of this data set is identical to the earlier version for all records from 1851-1978 except for the addition of the Antarctic surface-air-temperature anomalies beginning in 1957. Beginning with the 1979 data, this package differs from the earlier version in several ways. Erroneous data for some sites have been corrected after a review of the actual station temperature data, and inconsistencies in the representation of missing values have been removed. For some grid locations, data have been added from stations that had not contributed to the original set. Data from satellites have also been used to correct station records where large discrepancies were evident. The present package also extends the record by adding monthly surface-air-temperature anomalies for the Northern (grid points from 85°N to 0°) and Southern (grid points from 5°S to 60°S) Hemispheres for 1985-1990. In addition, this updated package presents the monthly-mean-temperature records for the individual stations that were used to produce the set of gridded anomalies. The periods of record vary by station. Northern Hemisphere data have been corrected for inhomogeneities, while Southern Hemisphere data are presented in uncorrected form. For access to the data files, click this link to the CDIAC data transition website: http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ndps/ndp020.html

本NDP数据集提供全球5°纬度×10°经度网格上的陆基逐月地表气温距平（相对于1951-1970年参考时段平均值的距平值）。针对南极地区（南纬65°至85°的网格点），另有一套独立数据集，采用相同方式提供逐月地表气温距平（相对于1957-1975年参考时段平均值的距平值）。
该数据集主要源自《世界天气记录（World Weather Records）》以及英国气象局（United Kingdom Meteorological Office）的档案馆藏。
这套长期气温距平记录可用于探究温室气体引发的潜在气候变化。截至当前，该数据集已被用于构建区域、半球及全球时间序列，以研判1900年以来是否出现了变暖趋势。
本数据集的当前更新版本，除新增1957年起的南极地表气温距平数据外，1851-1978年的所有记录与早期版本完全一致。1979年及之后的数据则在多个方面与早期版本存在差异：经对实测台站气温数据开展复核后，修正了部分台站的错误记录；消除了缺测值表征方式不一致的问题；为部分网格点位补充了未纳入原始数据集的台站观测数据；针对存在显著偏差的台站记录，还采用卫星数据进行了校正。此外，本更新包还补充了1985-1990年北半球（北纬85°至0°的网格点）和南半球（南纬5°至60°的网格点）的逐月地表气温距平数据，从而延长了记录序列。
本数据包还提供了用于生成网格距平数据集的单个台站逐月平均气温记录，不同台站的记录时段存在差异。北半球数据已完成非均一性校正，而南半球数据则以未校正的形式对外发布。
如需获取数据文件，请点击此链接跳转至CDIAC数据过渡网站：http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ndps/ndp020.html