Data for: A multiplicative environmental DEA approach to measure efficiency changes in the world's major polluters

Abstract of associated article: We propose a multiplicative environmental data envelopment analysis (ME-DEA) approach to measure the performance of 46 countries that generate most of the world's carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In the model, we combine economic (labour and capital), environmental (freshwater) and energy inputs with a desirable output (GDP) and three undesirable outputs (CO2, methane and nitrous oxide emissions). We rank each country according to the optimum use of its resources employing a multiplicative extension of environmental DEA models. By computing partial efficiency scores for each input and output separately, we thus identify major sources of inefficiency for all sample countries. Based on the partial efficiency scores obtained from the model, we define aggregate economic, energy and environmental efficiency indexes for 2002, 2007 and 2011, reflecting points in time before and after the official enactment of the Kyoto Protocol. We find that for most countries efficiency scores increase over this period. In addition, there exists a positive relationship between economic and environmental efficiency, although, at the same time, our results suggest that environmental efficiency cannot be realized without first reaching a certain threshold of economic efficiency. We also find support for the Paradox of Plenty, whereby an abundance of natural and energy resources results in their inefficient use.

关联论文摘要：本文提出一种乘法型环境数据包络分析（Multiplicative Environmental Data Envelopment Analysis, ME-DEA）方法，用以评估全球二氧化碳（CO₂）排放量占比最高的46个国家的运行绩效。在该模型中，我们将经济类投入（劳动力与资本）、环境类投入（淡水）及能源类投入，与合意产出（国内生产总值，GDP）以及三类非合意产出（二氧化碳、甲烷与一氧化二氮排放）相结合。本文基于环境数据包络分析模型的乘法拓展形式，依据各国资源最优利用情况对其进行排序；通过分别计算各项投入与产出的部分效率得分，可明确所有样本国家无效率的主要来源。基于模型得到的部分效率得分，本文构建了2002年、2007年与2011年的综合经济、能源与环境效率指数，这三个时间点分别对应《京都议定书》正式生效前后的关键节点。研究发现，多数国家在此期间的效率得分均有所提升。此外，经济效率与环境效率之间呈现正相关关系，但同时研究结果也表明，若未先达到一定水平的经济效率阈值，则无法实现环境效率。本文同时验证了“资源诅咒”（Paradox of Plenty）现象，即丰富的自然资源与能源资源反而会导致其利用效率低下。