Ferlapioside: a new bromine substituted iridoid glycoside from the roots of <i>Ferula lapidosa</i> Korovin

One new bromine substituted iridoid glycoside, ferlapioside (<b>1</b>), was isolated from the roots of <i>Ferula lapidosa</i> Korovin, together with 10 known ones including seven iridoid glycosides (<b>2</b>–<b>8</b>) and three sesquiterpene lactones (<b>9</b>–<b>11</b>). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, e.g. 1D and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR, UV, CD techniques, and comparison with literature values. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b>–<b>11</b> were evaluated for inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production in the RAW 264.7 cells and the <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines (HL-60, A549, SMMC-7721, MDA-MB-231 and SW480). However, none of them exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. This study will provide a scientific basis and reference for the further development and utilisation of <i>Ferula</i> plants.