HiWATER: Simultaneous observation dataset of land surface temperature in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin

The aim of the simultaneous observation of land surface temperature is obtaining the land surface temperature of different kinds of underlying surface, including greenhouse film, the roof, road, ditch, concrete floor and so on, while the sensor of thermal infrared go into the experimental areas of artificial oases eco-hydrology on the middle stream. All the land surface temperature data will be used for validation of the retrieved land surface temperature from thermal infrared sensor and the analysis of the scale effect of the land surface temperature, and finally serve for the validation of the plausibility checks of the surface temperature product from remote sensing.1. Observation time and other detailsOn 25 June, 2012, ditch and asphalt road surface temperatures were observed once every five minutes using handheld infrared thermometers recorded.On 26 June, 2012, ditch and asphalt road surface temperatures were observed once every five minutes using handheld infrared thermometers while greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every one second using self-recording point thermometer.On 29 June, 2012, concrete floor surface temperatures were observed continuously using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of TASI go into the region. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every one second using self-recording point thermometer.On 30 June, 2012, asphalt road, ditch, bare soil, melonry and ridge of field surface temperatures were observed continuously using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of TASI go into the region. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every one second using self-recording point thermometer.On 10 July, 2012, asphalt road, ditch, bare soil, melonry and ridge of field surface temperatures were observed once every one minute using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of TASI go into the region. At the same time, concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer.On 26 July, 2012, asphalt road, concrete floor, bare soil and melonry surface temperatures were observed once every one minute using handheld infrared thermometers during the sensor of WiDAS go into the region. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer.On 2 August, 2012, corn field and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed using handheld infrared thermometers. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer. For corn field, twelve sites were selected according to the flight strip of the WiDAS sensor, and for each site one plot surface temperatures were recorded continuously during the sensor of WiDAS go into the region.On 3 August, 2012, corn field and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed using handheld infrared thermometers. At the same time, greenhouse film and concrete floor surface temperatures were observed once every six second using self-recording point thermometer. For corn field, fourteen sites were selected according to the flight strip of the WiDAS sensor, and for each site three plots surface temperatures were recorded continuously during the sensor of WiDAS go into the region.2. Instrument parameters and calibrationThe field of view of the self-recording point thermometer and the handheld infrared thermometer are 10 and 1 degree, respectively. The emissivity of the latter was assumed to be 0.95. The observation heights of the self-recording point thermometer for the greenhouse film and the concrete floor were 0.5 m and 1 m, respectively. All instruments were calibrated three times (on 6 July, 5 August and 20 September, 2012) using black body during observation.3. Data storageAll the observation data were stored in excel.

本数据集旨在通过同步观测地表温度，获取不同类型下垫面的地表温度，包括温室薄膜、屋顶、道路、排水沟、混凝土地面等，同时热红外传感器进入人工绿洲生态水文学实验区域。所有地表温度数据将用于验证从热红外传感器中获取的地表温度，并分析地表温度的尺度效应，最终服务于遥感地表温度产品可信度检验的验证。观测时间及其他细节：2012年6月25日，使用手持式红外温度计每隔五分钟对排水沟和沥青路面进行一次观测。2012年6月26日，使用手持式红外温度计每隔五分钟对排水沟和沥青路面进行观测，同时使用自记点温度计每隔一秒对温室薄膜和混凝土地面进行观测。2012年6月29日，在TASI传感器进入该区域期间，使用手持式红外温度计对混凝土地面进行连续观测。同时，使用自记点温度计每隔一秒对温室薄膜和混凝土地面进行观测。2012年6月30日，在TASI传感器进入该区域期间，使用手持式红外温度计对沥青路面、排水沟、裸土、温室和田间脊进行连续观测。同时，使用自记点温度计每隔一秒对温室薄膜和混凝土地面进行观测。2012年7月10日，在TASI传感器进入该区域期间，使用手持式红外温度计每隔一分钟对沥青路面、排水沟、裸土、温室和田间脊进行观测。同时，使用自记点温度计每隔六秒对混凝土地面进行观测。2012年7月26日，在WiDAS传感器进入该区域期间，使用手持式红外温度计每隔一分钟对沥青路面、混凝土地面、裸土和温室进行观测。同时，使用自记点温度计每隔六秒对温室薄膜和混凝土地面进行观测。2012年8月2日，使用手持式红外温度计对玉米田和混凝土地面进行观测。同时，使用自记点温度计每隔六秒对温室薄膜和混凝土地面进行观测。对于玉米田，根据WiDAS传感器的飞行路径选择了十二个站点，在WiDAS传感器进入该区域期间，每个站点记录了一个样地的地表温度。2012年8月3日，使用手持式红外温度计对玉米田和混凝土地面进行观测。同时，使用自记点温度计每隔六秒对温室薄膜和混凝土地面进行观测。对于玉米田，根据WiDAS传感器的飞行路径选择了十四个站点，在WiDAS传感器进入该区域期间，每个站点记录了三个样地的地表温度。仪器参数和校准：自记点温度计和手持式红外温度计的视场角分别为10度和1度。手持式红外温度计的发射率假定为0.95。自记点温度计对温室薄膜和混凝土地面的观测高度分别为0.5米和1米。所有仪器在观测期间使用黑体进行了三次校准（2012年7月6日、8月5日和9月20日）。数据存储：所有观测数据均存储在Excel中。