Table2_Effect of circadian rhythm and menstrual cycle on physical performance in women: a systematic review.docx

The literature has extensively investigated potential factors influencing women’s performance, including the menstrual cycle and the circadian rhythm. However, review articles exploring the combined influence of both factors remain lacking in the literature. The study aimed to systematically review the literature on the relationship between the circadian rhythm and menstrual cycle on physical performance in women. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed on the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar databases. Of the 1205 records identified, four articles met the inclusion criteria. From four articles, two studies found a significant interaction between the time of day and phase of the menstrual cycle with physical performance. The isometric strength increased in the afternoon in the mid-luteal phase (versus the morning in the mid-luteal phase, p < 0.05), and the maximum cycling power was higher in the afternoon in the mid-follicular phase (versus the morning in the mid-follicular phase, p < 0.01). Our findings suggest that the time of day and the menstrual cycle phase affect physical performance, with the daytime potentially having a more significant influence. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited studies and diverse methodologies used to monitor the menstrual cycle phase. This review reinforces the need for further investigation to understand better the combined effects of the circadian rhythm and menstrual cycle on women’s physical performance.
Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=380965, identifier CRD42022380965.

现有文献已针对影响女性运动表现的潜在因素展开了广泛研究，涵盖月经周期（menstrual cycle）与昼夜节律（circadian rhythm）两大维度。然而，目前学界仍缺乏同时探讨二者联合影响的综述类研究。本研究旨在系统梳理探讨女性昼夜节律与月经周期对其身体运动表现之间关联的相关文献，本次综述严格遵循PRISMA报告规范。检索工作在Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、SPORTDiscus及Google Scholar数据库中开展。在初步识别出的1205条文献记录中，仅4篇符合纳入标准。基于这4篇文献，其中两项研究发现，每日时段与月经周期阶段二者对运动表现存在显著交互作用：在黄体中期，受试者的等长力量在下午时段显著提升（相较于黄体中期的上午时段，p < 0.05）；在卵泡中期，受试者的最大骑行功率在下午时段更高（相较于卵泡中期的上午时段，p < 0.01）。本研究结果表明，每日时段与月经周期阶段均会对运动表现产生影响，其中日间时段的潜在影响更为显著。但由于现有研究数量有限，且监测月经周期阶段的方法学存在差异，因此对该结果的解读需保持谨慎。本次综述强调，未来需开展更多研究以进一步明晰昼夜节律与月经周期的联合效应对女性运动表现的影响。
系统综述注册信息：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=380965，标识符为CRD42022380965。