Perceptions of Electoral Integrity, (PEI-4.5)

This data-set by the Electoral Integrity Project evaluates the quality of elections held around the world. Based on a rolling survey collecting the views of election experts, this research provides independent and reliable evidence to compare whether countries meet international standards of electoral integrity. PEI-4.5 cumulative release covers 213 national parliamentary and presidential contests held worldwide in 153 countries from 1 July 2012 to 30 June 2016. For each contest, 40 election experts receive an electronic invitation to fill the survey. The survey includes assessments from 2417 election experts, with a mean response rate of 28%. The study collects 49 indicators to compare elections. These indicators are clustered to evaluate eleven stages in the electoral cycle as well as generating an overall summary Perception of Electoral Integrity (PEI) 100-point index and comparative ranking. The datasets are available for analysis at three levels: COUNTRY-level (153 cases); ELECTION-level (213 cases), and also EXPERT-level (2,417). Each dataset can be downloaded in STATA, SPSS, CSV and EXCEL formats.

本数据集由选举诚信项目（Electoral Integrity Project）研发，旨在评估全球范围内各类选举的质量。该研究依托一项持续滚动开展的、征集选举专家意见的调查，提供独立且可靠的实证依据，用于衡量各国是否符合选举诚信的国际标准。PEI-4.5累积版数据集涵盖了2012年7月1日至2016年6月30日期间，全球153个国家举办的213场全国议会选举与总统选举。针对每场选举，项目组会向40名选举专家发送电子问卷邀约；本次数据集共收录2417名选举专家的评估结果，平均问卷回收率达28%。本研究共设置49项评估指标以开展选举对比分析，这些指标被划分为11个选举周期阶段，并据此生成综合的选举诚信感知（Perception of Electoral Integrity, PEI）百分制指数及各国对比排名。数据集提供三个分析层级：国家层级（共153条样本）、选举层级（共213条样本）以及专家层级（共2417条样本）。所有数据集均可通过STATA、SPSS、CSV及EXCEL格式下载使用。