Prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in Quilombola Communities, State of Sergipe, Brazil

Abstract Background: The quilombolas are groups formed by black ancestry individuals, living in a context of social vulnerability due to low socioeconomic level, which influences health care and the development of chronic diseases. Objective: To assess the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in the quilombola population in the State of Sergipe, Brazil. Methods: Study design was cross sectional, involving the administration of a questionnaire to individuals aged ≥ 18 years, in 15 quilombola communities of the State of Sergipe, Brazil. A value of two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: sA total of 390 individuals were evaluated, 72.3% of whom were women, with a mean age of 44.7 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 26% (with a confidence interval of 95% [95% CI]: 22-30), with no significant sex-related differences. The age was associated with arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.03-1.06), systolic (95% CI: 1.04-1.07) and diastolic (IC 95%: 1.01-1.04) arterial hypertension. The level of body mass index was associated with arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.00-1.11) and diastolic arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.03-1.17). Economic class was associated with diastolic arterial hypertension (95% CI: 1.22-5.03). Conclusion: The prevalence of arterial hypertension in the quilombola communities was high. Its association with cardiovascular risk factors indicates the need to improve access to healthcare services.

摘要

背景：奎洛姆博拉人（quilombolas）是由拥有黑人血统的个体组成的群体，因社会经济水平低下处于社会脆弱性环境中，该状况对医疗保健获取及慢性病的发生发展均存在负面影响。

目的：评估巴西塞尔希培州（Sergipe）奎洛姆博拉人群的系统性动脉高血压（systemic arterial hypertension）患病率及其与心血管危险因素（cardiovascular risk factors）的关联。

方法：本研究为横断面（cross sectional）研究，纳入巴西塞尔希培州15个奎洛姆博拉社群的18岁及以上个体，通过问卷调查收集相关数据。采用双侧检验p<0.05作为统计学显著性判定标准。

结果：共计评估390名个体，其中72.3%为女性，平均年龄44.7岁。高血压患病率为26%（95%置信区间[95% CI]：22~30），性别间无显著差异。年龄与动脉高血压（95% CI：1.03~1.06）、收缩期动脉高血压（95% CI：1.04~1.07）及舒张期动脉高血压（95% CI：1.01~1.04）存在关联。体质量指数（body mass index）水平与动脉高血压（95% CI：1.00~1.11）及舒张期动脉高血压（95% CI：1.03~1.17）存在关联。经济阶层与舒张期动脉高血压存在关联（95% CI：1.22~5.03）。

结论：奎洛姆博拉社群的动脉高血压患病率较高，其与心血管危险因素的关联提示亟需改善当地医疗服务的可及性。