Western diet induces endogen oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage and infl ammation in Wistar rats

ABSTRACT Objective Nutritional diseases such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disorder, chronic inflammation or even cancer are observed in people who sustain their lifestyle by Western diet due to high calorie intake. The origin of these diseases are the degraded deoxyribonucleic acid structure. In this study, we investigated whether Western diet produced endogenous oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage, apoptosis or inflammation. Methods Twenty-eight male Wistar rats, aged 10-12 weeks, were divided into four groups. The rats in control group received the standard diet and the remaining rats were given one of the following three diets for four weeks: a high-fat diet containing 35% fat, a high-sucrose diet containing 69% sucrose and Western diet comprising both two types of diets. After treatment the serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1, chitinase-3-like protein 1, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, Fas ligand and cytochrome c levels were measured. Results It was observed no changes in the serum soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, Fas ligand and cytochrome c levels whereas a statistically significant increase in the serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 and chitinase-3-like protein 1 levels were found only in rats that were given Western diet. Conclusion The findings show that Western diet produced endogenous oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage, which then increased serum poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 levels, eventually leading to inflammation.

摘要
目的 长期以西式饮食维持生活方式、摄入高热量的人群，易罹患代谢综合征、心血管疾病、慢性炎症乃至癌症等营养相关性疾病。此类疾病的根源在于脱氧核糖核酸（deoxyribonucleic acid）结构受损。本研究旨在探究西式饮食是否会诱导内源性氧化性脱氧核糖核酸损伤、细胞凋亡或炎症反应。
方法 将28只10~12周龄的雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组。对照组大鼠喂食标准饲料，其余三组大鼠分别喂食以下三种饲料，干预周期为4周：含35%脂肪的高脂饲料、含69%蔗糖的高蔗糖饲料，以及同时包含上述两种膳食成分的西式饲料。干预结束后，检测各组大鼠血清中的8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷、聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶-1（poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1）、几丁质酶-3样蛋白1（chitinase-3-like protein 1）、可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体（soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor）、Fas配体（Fas ligand）及细胞色素c水平。
结果 各组大鼠血清可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体、Fas配体及细胞色素c水平均无显著变化；仅喂食西式饲料的大鼠，其血清8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷、聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶-1及几丁质酶-3样蛋白1水平出现具有统计学意义的显著升高。
结论 本研究结果表明，西式饮食可诱导内源性氧化性脱氧核糖核酸损伤，进而升高血清聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶-1水平，最终引发炎症反应。