Table_1_Laboratory diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection: a narrative review.docx

Trypanosoma cruzi infection, currently endemic in 21 countries, is a public health problem not only in the Americas but also in countries with Latin American migrants. However, it is estimated that two-thirds of people with Chagas disease currently live in urban areas and that only 10% of them are aware of it. This review summarizes the most important aspects of the diagnosis of human T. cruzi infection by describing the following aspects of clinical laboratory diagnosis: the most widely used tests available in Latin America and those expected to improve access to diagnosis of the affected population with their implementation; the advantages, disadvantages, and sensitivity of the tests in the different phases of infection; and their usefulness in the acute or chronic phases of infection and in the context of immunosuppression. In this way, we hope to contribute to broadening the knowledge about this prevalent infection in the Americas.

克氏锥虫（Trypanosoma cruzi）感染目前在21个国家呈地方性流行，其不仅是美洲地区的公共卫生问题，对于接纳拉丁美洲移民的国家而言亦是如此。据估算，当前恰加斯病（Chagas disease）患者中有三分之二居住于城市区域，且仅10%的患者知晓自身患病状况。本综述围绕人体克氏锥虫感染的临床实验室诊断核心要点展开系统梳理，具体阐述以下内容：拉丁美洲地区当前广泛应用的检测手段，以及有望通过推广应用提升受感染人群诊断可及性的候选检测方法；各类检测方法在感染不同病程阶段的优势、局限性与诊断灵敏度；以及其在感染急性期、慢性期与免疫抑制状态下的临床应用价值。借此，本综述旨在为增进学界对美洲地区这一高流行感染性疾病的认知贡献力量。