risk factors of CRC

Background: The study was conducted to identify the risk factors for colorectal cancer in the indigenous population of Kazakhstan. Methods: A questionnaire has been developed to identify risk factors for colorectal cancer. 90 practically healthy people and 323 patients with cancer of the colon and rectum, treated in the conditions of the oncological dispensary of the city of Karaganda, were subjected to the questionnaire. Results: Ethnic peculiarities of the risks. The most significant identified risk factors for colorectal cancer (p≤0.01) in individuals of Kazakh ethnicity are the preference for meat food (OR=1.23), daily consumption of animal fats (OR=3.53), and infrequent consumption of fresh vegetables (OR=4.4). Less significant (p≤0.05) identified risk factors for colorectal cancer in individuals of Kazakh ethnicity are: living in a rural area (OR=1.88), drinking 6 or more alcoholic units once a month (OR=10.99), not paying attention to fat and caloric content when buying (OR=2.16); drinking kumys, shubat at least once a week (OR=3.13); rare consumption of vegetable oil (OR=2.22); daily consumption of meat (OR=1.26) Conclusion: The most significant factor that reduces the risk of colorectal cancer (p≤0.01) in individuals of Kazakh ethnicity is the rare consumption of fats of animal origin (OR=2,84) (data in Report on Research Work O.0821 2020).背景：本研究旨在明确哈萨克斯坦原住民人群结直肠癌（colorectal cancer）的危险因素。 方法：本研究开发了一款用于识别结直肠癌危险因素的调查问卷。研究对象为卡拉干达州肿瘤防治院收治的90名健康个体与323名结肠及直肠癌患者，全部接受该问卷调查。 结果：本研究揭示了哈萨克族人群结直肠癌危险因素的民族特异性特征。其中，哈萨克族人群结直肠癌最显著的危险因素（P≤0.01）包括：偏好肉类饮食（比值比（Odds Ratio）=1.23）、每日摄入动物脂肪（OR=3.53）、新鲜蔬菜摄入频次偏低（OR=4.4）。 相关性较弱的危险因素（P≤0.05）包括：居住于农村地区（OR=1.88）、每月至少1次饮酒量达到6个标准单位及以上（OR=10.99）、购物时未关注食品脂肪与热量含量（OR=2.16）、每周至少饮用1次库米斯（kumys）与沙巴特（shubat）（OR=3.13）、植物油摄入频次偏低（OR=2.22）、每日摄入肉类（OR=1.26）。 结论：哈萨克族人群中，可降低结直肠癌发病风险的最显著保护因素（P≤0.01）为动物源性脂肪摄入频次偏低（OR=2.84），相关数据来源于2020年编号为O.0821的科研工作报告。